Table 2. Univariate analysis of prognostic factors for 28- and 90-days mortality in 580 patients with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
Values are expressed as N (%). NS = non-significant.
| 28-days | 90-days | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Died 67 (12) | Survived 513 (88) | OR (95% CI) | p- value | Died 103 (18) | Survived 477 (82) | OR (95% CI) | p- value |
| Patient characteristics | ||||||||
| Male sex | 43 (64) | 317 (62) | 1.11 (0.65–1.88) | NS | 62 (60) | 298 (62) | 0.91 (0.59–1.41) | NS |
| Age > 60 years | 52 (78) | 221 (43) | 4.58 (2.51–8.35) | < 0.001 | 73 (71) | 200 (42) | 3.37 (2.12–5.35) | < 0.001 |
| Healthcare-associated SAB | 36 (54) | 271 (53) | 1.04 (0.62–1.73) | NS | 65 (63) | 242 (51) | 1.66 (1.07–2.58) | < 0.05 |
| Healthy—nonfatal disease A | 28 (42) | 386 (75) | 0.24 (0.14–0.40) | < 0.001 | 38 (37) | 376 (79) | 0.16 (0.10–0.25) | < 0.001 |
| Previous hospitalization B | 36 (54) | 278 (54) | 0.98 (0.59–1.64) | NS | 64 (62) | 250 (52) | 1.49 (0.96–2.31) | NS |
| Intensive care unit C | 23 (34) | 86 (17) | 2.59 (1.49–4.52) | < 0.01 | 29 (28) | 80 (17) | 1.95 (1.19–3.18) | < 0.01 |
| Endocarditis | 19 (28) | 71 (14) | 2.46 (1.37–4.43) | < 0.01 | 26 (25) | 64 (13) | 2.18 (1.30–3.65) | < 0.01 |
| Pneumonia | 41 (61) | 177 (35) | 2.99 (1.77–5.06) | < 0.001 | 63 (61) | 155 (32) | 3.27 (2.11–5.08) | < 0.001 |
| Cephalosporin D | 11 (16) | 81 (16) | 1.05 (0.53–2.09) | NS | 19 (18) | 73 (15) | 1.25 (0.72–2.19) | NS |
| Anti-staphylococcal penicillin E | 56 (84) | 432 (84) | 0.96 (0.48–1.90) | NS | 84 (82) | 404 (85) | 0.80 (0.46–1.39) | NS |
| Rifampicin therapy | 14 (21) | 238 (46) | 0.31 (0.17–0.56) | < 0.001 | 30 (29) | 252 (53) | 0.37 (0.23–0.58) | < 0.01 |
| Fluoroquinolone | 31 (46) | 257 (50) | 0.86 (0.52–1.43) | NS | 48 (47) | 240 (50) | 0.86 (0.56–1.32) | NS |
| Aminoglycoside | 13 (19) | 86 (17) | 1.19 (0.63–2.29) | NS | 20 (19) | 79 (17) | 1.21 (0.70–2.09) | NS |
| Formal IDSC F | 58 (87) | 453 (88) | 0.85 (0.40–1.81) | NS | 82 (80) | 429 (90) | 0.44 (0.25–0.77) | < 0.01 |
A Classification according to McCabe [15]
B Within 2 months prior to blood culture collection
C At positive blood culture time point
D Cephalosporin i.e. Cefuroxime or ceftriaxone
E Anti-staphylococcal penicillin i.e. cloxacillin
F Formal bedside infectious disease specialist consultation