Table 5.

Hemodynamic Effects of Rapid Submersion in 20°C Water (“Dunk”) in All Subjects.

				P values
Variable	Controls	SIPE-Susceptible Pre-Sildenafil	SIPE-Susceptible Post-Sildenafil	Pre-S vs. C	Post-S vs. C	Post-S vs. Pre-S
HR (bpm)	93.7±25.8	85.2±16.0	88.8±16.9	0.6	0.8	0.2
SBP (mmHg)	195.4±28.9	224.3±28.3	204.8±28.3	0.06	0.7	0.0008*
DBP (mmHg)	94.0±9.3	94.8±13.5	86.6±9.3	1.0	0.3	0.0261*
MAP (mmHg)	125.2±13.0	133.5±13.9	123.9±12.7	0.4	1.0	0.0026*
MPAP (mmHg)	21.7±3.4	29.2±6.0	24.6±4.1	0.0032*	0.4	0.0219*
PAWP (mmHg)	13.5±4.1	18.1±3.9	15.8±5.1	0.07	0.5	0.1
CVP (mmHg)	6.9±3.5	10.2±3.6	7.1±3.2	0.1	1.0	0.0404*

Results are shown as mean±SD.

^*Statistically significant.

HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; MPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; CVP, central venous pressure.