AMSR-E image with MPGR value range for (A) polarization ratio (PR 36.5) and (B) gradient ratio GR-V (36.5–18.7). In panel A, the dark red areas indicate deserts, dark blue represents dense vegetation, and the color in between correspond to mixed vegetation. In panel B, dark red highlights desert regions and light red showing vegetation condition, yellow and sky blue showing mixed vegetation (30/09/2011). Both images clearly differentiate land and water on earth after polarization or gradient ratio.