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. 2016 Nov 16;3:577–588. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2016.11.001

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

(A) Impact of stiffness penalty on fitting error. The stiffness penalty imposes an additional cost on models proportional to the largest eigenvalue of the rate matrix for a range of voltages. (B) Impact of stiffness penalty on ODE integration time. Following the experiment shown in C, the fitted models were again run over the protocols except using an ODE solver. The values show the average per model execution time.