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The meta-analysis results for operative time and estimated blood loss. The UTV group had a longer operative time (WMD: 0.93, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.39, p<0.05) and greater estimated blood loss (WMD: 0.59, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.85, p<0.05) than the LTV group, and both parameters showed statistically significant differences. LTV, lower thoracic vertebra; UTV, upper thoracic vertebra; WMD, weighted mean difference.
