Table 4.

Ratio (95% CI) of predicted 10-year ASCVD risk by quartiles of urine arsenic concentrations in hypertensive women (n = 831).

	Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	p for Trend
Total arsenic (μg/L)	≤3.30	3.31–6.71	6.72–14.92	≥14.93
Model 1	1 (reference)	0.97 (0.81–1.16)	0.85 (0.70–1.04)	0.92 (0.73–1.16)	0.67
Model 2	1 (reference)	1.01 (0.90–1.14)	1.10 (0.98–1.24)	1.12 (0.97–1.29)	0.11
Model 3	1 (reference)	1.00 (0.88–1.13)	1.07 (0.92–1.24)	1.05 (0.85–1.29)	0.80
Dimethylarsinate (μg/L)	≤1.89	1.90–3.15	3.16–5.36	≥5.37
Model 1	1 (reference)	1.00 (0.80–1.23)	1.07 (0.84–1.38)	0.94 (0.71–1.23)	0.45
Model 2	1 (reference)	1.13 (1.00–1.27)	1.14 (0.98–1.32)	1.14 (0.97–1.33)	0.39
Model 3	1 (reference)	1.11 (0.99–1.26)	1.11 (0.97–1.28)	1.10 (0.92–1.30)	0.80
Total arsenic minus arsenobetaine (μg/L)	≤2.40	2.41–4.82	4.83–8.33	≥8.34
Model 1	1 (reference)	0.96 (0.80–1.16)	0.93 (0.72–1.21)	0.89 (0.70–1.14)	0.34
Model 2	1 (reference)	1.03 (0.92–1.16)	1.15 (0.98–1.34)	1.08 (0.94–1.25)	0.38
Model 3	1 (reference)	1.01 (0.89–1.14)	1.11 (0.94–1.31)	1.00 (0.85–1.19)	0.64
Arsenobetaine (μg/L)	≤0.30	0.31–1.16	1.17–5.70	≥5.71
Model 1	1 (reference)	1.03 (0.86–1.24)	1.07 (0.90–1.27)	1.00 (0.84–1.19)	0.75
Model 2	1 (reference)	1.02 (0.92–1.12)	1.10 (0.99–1.21)	1.16 (1.03–1.30)	0.03
Model 3	1 (reference)	1.02 (0.92–1.13)	1.11 (1.00–1.23)	1.20 (1.05–1.37)	0.02

Model 1: adjusted for age (years), race (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, other) and urine creatinine (log g/L); Model 2: further adjusted for education (<high school, ≥high school), body mass index (kg/m²), serum cotinine (log ng/mL), diabetes (yes, no), total cholesterol (mg/dL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL); Model 3: further adjusted for arsenobetaine (log μg/L) and seafood (yes, no), except for arsenobetaine models that were further adjusted for seafood only.