Table 4.
The results of Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA).
| Variables | Slacks of | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E | K | L | CO2 | |
| Constant | 689.12 *** | 26.91 *** | 632.96 *** | 2462.35 *** |
| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita | −0.00078 | −0.000042 *** | 0.00003 *** | −0.0019 |
| Government support | −44.08 *** | −1.95 *** | 0.93 *** | −0.85 |
| Industry structure | −9.54 *** | −0.11 *** | 0.90 ** | 12.49 *** |
| Import and exports | −1.16 | −0.08 *** | 0.21 ** | 2.00 ** |
| Urbanization | 14.95 *** | 0.40 *** | 0.51 *** | −16.47 *** |
| Sigma-squared | 237,647.09 | 433.34 | 39,319.84 | 2,796,319.9 |
| Gamma | 0.95 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 0.92 |
| Log-likelihood function | −1662.93 | −982.06 | −1162.11 | −2018.07 |
| Likelihood Ratio (LR) test of the one-sided error | 401.32 | 170.58 | 922.91 | 332.01 |
E: Energy consumption; K: Capital stock; L: Labor force; CO2: Carbon dioxide emissions; *** Significance at the 1% level. ** Significance at the 5% level.