Table 2. Per-protocol analysis: means, s.d., and differences between groups in outcomes over time according to generalised estimating equations adjusted for baseline r24 and moderate-intensity physical activity minutes (N=111).

	Baseline			3 Months			6 Months
Outcome by group	No. of patients	Mean	s.d.	No. of patients	Mean	s.d.	No. of patients	Mean	s.d.	P of group × time
PSQI
Walking exercise group	56	9.25	4.55	47	6.26	3.14	43	6.49	3.71	0.001*
Usual care groupa	55	8.82	4.26	48	8.90	4.91	46	8.33	4.67
TST
Walking exercise group	52	380.32	96.39	43	380.72	78.30	39	401.76	72.84	0.023*
Usual care groupa	54	395.06	88.21	41	375.94	92.40	40	369.29	107.21
SE
Walking exercise group	52	88.94	9.67	43	89.14	8.69	39	88.18	10.78	0.779
Usual care groupa	54	88.36	10.73	41	87.10	14.29	40	85.07	15.38
SOL
Walking exercise group	52	27.14	40.48	43	28.29	31.93	39	22.15	23.00	0.427
Usual care groupa	54	31.85	30.05	41	42.78	38.75	40	37.88	38.05
WASO
Walking exercise group	52	45.86	33.17	43	44.37	33.11	39	52.61	43.96	0.861
Usual care groupa	54	50.56	45.30	41	53.53	54.53	40	63.92	66.42
r24
Walking exercise group	52	0.42	0.14	42	0.43	0.17	39	0.47	0.15	0.572
Usual care groupa	52	0.36	0.12	41	0.38	0.17	39	0.41	0.18
I<O
Walking exercise group	52	94.68	7.31	42	94.95	5.54	39	96.63	2.98	0.709
Usual care groupa	54	92.65	7.24	40	93.49	6.98	40	93.45	8.30

Abbreviations: I<O=in-bed less than out-of-bed dichotomy index; PSQI=Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; r24=24-h autocorrelation coefficient; SE=sleep efficiency; SOL=sleep onset latency; TST=total sleep time; WASO=wake after sleep onset.

Note: Generalised estimating equations were used for repeated measurements and the AR(1) correlation structure. All models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, cancer stage and treatment, and variables significantly different at the baseline (r24 and moderate-intensity physical activity minutes).

*P<0.05

^aUsual-care group is the reference group.