ALDH1L(L)ex1 targets transgene expression in both neurons and astrocytes following intrastriatal AAV vector infusion. Representative low power images showing eGFP immunoreactivity in striatum from rats injected with (a) AAV9-ALDH1L1(L)ex1 or (c) Syn promoters. High magnification images show eGFP-immunoreactive neurons (arrow) and astrocytes (arrowhead) in a brain injected with a AAV9-ALDH1L1(L)ex1-eGFP, and selectively in neurons (arrow) in a brain injected with c AAV9-Syn-eGFP. (b, d) Double-immunofluorescent colabeling of eGFP expressing cells with NeuN or GFAP showing neuronal (arrow) and astrocytic (arrowhead) transgene expression. Western blot analysis of (e) striatal homogenates from rats injected with PBS vehicle, ALDH1L1(L)ex1, and Syn AAV vectors probed with anti GFP antibody. GAPDH was used as the loading control. (f) Semiquantitative analysis of band intensities from western blots. Bars represent the mean ± SEM, n = 4 per vector. Scale bar for a, c low power images 500 µm and 100 µm for high power images, and b, d 50 µm. AAV, adeno-associated viral; ALDH1L1, aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1, member L1; GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; eGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; SEM, standard error of mean.