Table 1. Statistical comparison of material-cost (MC) optimizations and random spatial constraints with empirical data.
| length asymmetry (λl) | branching angle asymmetry (λθ) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean± SE | SD± SE | Skewness± SE | KL p-value | Mean± SE | SD± SE | Skewness± SE | KL p-value | ||
| real network | mouse lung | 0.53± 0.00 | 0.25± 0.00 | 0.13± 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.76± 0.00 | 0.16± 0.000 | -0.43± 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Material-cost (MC) optimizations | surface-area | 0.54± 0.00 | 0.27± 0.00 | -0.07± 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.82± 0.00 | 0.16± 0.00 | -1.28± 0.00 | 0.00 |
| volume | 0.54± 0.00 | 0.27± 0.00 | -0.09± 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.74± 0.0 | 0.20± 0.00 | -0.79± 0.00 | 0.01 | |
| randomly simulated networks | local | 0.56± 0.01 | 0.25± 0.00 | -0.10± 0.04 | 0.61 | 0.65± 0.01 | 0.24± 0.00 | -0.43± 0.04 | 0.26 |
| intermediate 1 | 0.56± 0.01 | 0.25± 0.00 | -0.09± 0.05 | 0.59 | 0.68± 0.01 | 0.22± 0.00 | -0.54± 0.07 | 0.64 | |
| intermediate 2 | 0.57± 0.01 | 0.24± 0.00 | -0.12± 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.63± 0.01 | 0.23± 0.00 | -0.38± 0.06 | 0.00 | |
| global | 0.76± 0.01 | 0.22± 0.01 | -0.85± 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.71± 0.01 | 0.26± 0.01 | -0.65± 0.06 | 0.00 | |
| real network | human head and torso | 0.46± 0.00 | 0.28± 0.00 | 0.24± 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.75± 0.00 | 0.19± 0.00 | -1.05± 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Material-cost (MC) optimizations | surface-area | 0.46± 0.00 | 0.29± 0.00 | 0.16± 0.00 | 0.76 | 0.85± 0.00 | 0.14± 0.00 | -1.68± 0.00 | 0.00 |
| volume | 0.48± 0.00 | 0.28± 0.00 | 0.11± 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.78± 0.00 | 0.19± 0.00 | -0.97± 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| randomly simulated networks | local | 0.54± 0.01 | 0.27± 0.00 | -0.07± 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.63± 0.01 | 0.28± 0.00 | -0.48± 0.03 | 0.00 |
| intermediate 1 | 0.53± 0.01 | 0.26± 0.00 | 0.00± 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.66± 0.01 | 0.26± 0.00 | -0.64± 0.05 | 0.00 | |
| intermediate 2 | 0.59± 0.01 | 0.24± 0.00 | -0.24± 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.62± 0.01 | 0.23± 0.00 | -0.34± 0.04 | 0.00 | |
| global | 0.75±0.01 | 0.22± 0.01 | -0.80± 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.70± 0.01 | 0.26± 0.01 | -0.59± 0.05 | 0.00 | |