Fig. 1.

Acrolein (ACR) inhalation suppresses innate airway allergen responses. A: C57BL/6 mice, naive or ACR (5 ppm) exposed for 4 h, were challenged with HDM, and BAL levels of IL-33, IL-1α, and IL-25/IL-17E were measured by ELISA. Mean values ± SE from 3 independent experiments are shown. Naive n = 6, HDM n = 12, ACR n = 6, HDM/ACR n = 16; *P < 0.05. B: MTE cells were exposed to ACR for 30 min followed by exposure to HDM. At indicated time points, conditioned media were analyzed for IL-33, IL-1α, or IL-17E. C: MTE cells were exposed to ACR (30 min) and challenged with HDM, ALT, or ATP for 2 h, and production of IL-33, IL-1α, and IL-17E was measured. *P < 0.05 by 1-way ANOVA. D: HBE1 cells were pretreated with ACR (30 min) prior to stimulation with HDM, ALT, or ATP for 2 h. Production of IL-33 or IL-1α was measured after 2 h. Data represent average of 2 experiments with 2 replicates each. *P < 0.05.