Table 4.
Fixed-effects regression coefficients of schooling outcomes, aged 6–17: MLSFH, 2006–2010
| Current School Attendance | Grade Attainment | Schooling Gap | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
| Child Characteristics | |||||||||
| Divorced parents | –0.00 (0.05) |
0.02 (0.05) |
0.02 (0.05) |
–0.36* (0.15) |
–0.35* (0.15) |
–0.35* (0.16) |
0.28a (0.17) |
0.30† (0.18) |
0.32† (0.19) |
| Age | |||||||||
| 6–9 (ref.) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 10–13 | 0.03† (0.02) |
0.03† (0.02) |
0.03 (0.02) |
0.03 (0.05) |
0.03 (0.05) |
0.02 (0.05) |
0.02 (0.05) |
0.02 (0.05) |
0.03 (0.05) |
| 14–17 | –0.04 (0.03) |
–0.04 (0.03) |
−0.06† (0.03) |
0.26** (0.08) |
0.26** (0.08) |
0.24** (0.08) |
–0.20* (0.09) |
–0.19* (0.09) |
–0.20* (0.09) |
| General health status | |||||||||
| Excellent or very good (ref.) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Good | 0.01 (0.01) |
0.01 (0.01) |
0.00 (0.02) |
–0.03 (0.04) |
–0.03 (0.04) |
–0.01 (0.04) |
–0.00 (0.04) |
–0.00 (0.04) |
–0.01 (0.05) |
| Poor or very poor | –0.02 (0.05) |
–0.02 (0.05) |
–0.01 (0.06) |
–0.04 (0.12) |
–0.03 (0.13) |
–0.01 (0.14) |
–0.08 (0.13) |
–0.09 (0.13) |
–0.19 (0.15) |
| Maternal coresidence | 0.14*** (0.03) |
0.15*** (0.03) |
0.02 (0.06) |
0.04 (0.07) |
0.08 (0.07) |
0.06 (0.08) |
|||
| Mother Characteristics | |||||||||
| Knows she is HIV positive | –0.02 (0.06) |
–0.00 (0.06) |
–0.00 (0.07) |
0.13 (0.16) |
0.15 (0.16) |
0.12 (0.17) |
–0.23 (0.18) |
–0.25 (0.18) |
–0.20 (0.19) |
| Number of children <15 years in household | 0.02** (0.01) |
0.01† (0.01) |
0.01† (0.01) |
–0.02 (0.02) |
–0.03 (0.02) |
−0.03† (0.02) |
0.03 (0.02) |
0.03 (0.02) |
0.03† (0.02) |
| Radio | 0.01 (0.02) |
0.01 (0.02) |
–0.02 (0.05) |
–0.04 (0.05) |
0.05 (0.05) |
0.06 (0.05) |
|||
| Bicycle | 0.01 (0.02) |
0.01 (0.02) |
–0.06 (0.05) |
–0.03 (0.05) |
0.06 (0.05) |
0.04 (0.06) |
|||
| Metal roof | 0.04 (0.03) |
0.03 (0.03) |
0.15* (0.08) |
0.18* (0.08) |
–0.11 (0.08) |
−0.14† (0.08) |
|||
| Psychological well-being | –0.00* (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) | –0.00 (0.00) | ||||||
| Year | |||||||||
| 2006 (ref.) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2008 | –0.00 (0.02) |
0.01 (0.01) |
0.01 (0.02) |
0.74*** (0.04) |
0.74*** (0.04) |
0.74*** (0.04) |
1.20*** (0.04) |
1.20*** (0.04) |
1.20*** (0.04) |
| 2010 | 0.01 (0.02) |
0.02 (0.02) |
0.02 (0.02) |
1.70*** (0.06) |
1.69*** (0.06) |
1.69*** (0.06) |
2.14*** (0.06) |
2.16*** (0.06) |
2.16*** (0.06) |
| Constant | 0.79*** (0.03) |
0.66*** (0.04) |
0.78*** (0.07) |
2.36*** (0.08) |
2.38*** (0.10) |
2.28*** (0.18) |
0.60*** (0.08) |
0.47*** (0.11) |
0.57** (0.19) |
| N (number of children) | 1,954 | 1,954 | 1,709 | 1,829 | 1,829 | 1,601 | 1,490 | 1,490 | 1,312 |
Note: Robust standard errors, clustered at mother level to account for correlation between siblings, are shown in parentheses.
a
Statistically significant at p = .10.
†
p < .10;
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001