Table 4.
Discriminative ability of the ASD instruments by representative levels of intellectual ability and emotional/behavioral problems (95% confidence intervals)
| Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stratification | n | AUC | Moderate cut-off (T≥66) | |||
| ASD | Other | SRS-raw | Sensitivity,% | Specificity,% | ||
| Total sample | 177 | 142 | 0.76 (0.71,0.81) | 84 (78,89) | 58 (49,66) | |
| Intellectual disability | Yes | 55 | 26 | 0.73 (0.60,0.85) | 93 (82,98) | 27 (12,48) |
| No | 122 | 116 | 0.76 (0.70,0.82) | 80 (72,87) | 65 (55,73) | |
| CBCL-Internalizing: Clinical | Yes | 96 | 62 | 0.74 (0.66,0.82) | 96 (90,99) | 36 (24,49) |
| No | 81 | 80 | 0.78 (0.71,0.85) | 70 (59,80) | 75 (64,84) | |
| CBCL-Externalizing: Clinical | Yes | 73 | 49 | 0.74 (0.66,0.83) | 96 (89,99) | 39 (25,54) |
| No | 104 | 93 | 0.78 (0.71,0.84) | 76 (67,84) | 68 (57,77) | |
| EBP-ADOS: Marked | Yes | 41 | 34 | 0.72 (0.61,0.84) | 93 (80,99) | 41 (25,59) |
| No | 136 | 108 | 0.77 (0.71,0.83) | 82 (74,88) | 63 (53,72) | |
| Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) | ||||||
| n | AUC | ADI-R ASD criteria | ||||
| ASD | Other | ADI-current | Sensitivity,% | Specificity,% | ||
| Total sample | 225 | 163 | 0.86 (0.82,0.89) | 86 (81,90) | 66 (58,74) | |
| Intellectual disability | Yes | 72 | 26 | 0.85 (0.77,0.94) | 89 (79,95) | 42 (23,63) |
| No | 153 | 137 | 0.85 (0.81,0.89) | 84 (78,90) | 71 (62,78) | |
| CBCL-Internalizing: Clinical | Yes | 117 | 68 | 0.86 (0.80,0.92) | 94 (88,98) | 59 (46,71) |
| No | 108 | 95 | 0.85 (0.80,0.90) | 77 (68,84) | 72 (61,80) | |
| CBCL-Externalizing: Clinical | Yes | 88 | 54 | 0.85 (0.78,0.92) | 92 (84,97) | 56 (41,69) |
| No | 137 | 109 | 0.86 (0.82,0.91) | 82 (74,88) | 72 (62,80) | |
| EBP-ADOS: Marked | Yes | 55 | 43 | 0.80 (0.71,0.88) | 91 (80,97) | 51 (36,67) |
| No | 170 | 120 | 0.88 (0.84,0.92) | 84 (78,89) | 72 (63,80) | |
| Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) | ||||||
| n | AUC | ADOS ASD criteria | ||||
| ASD | Other | ADOS-raw | Sensitivity,% | Specificity,% | ||
| Total sample | 225 | 163 | 0.93 (0.91,0.96) | 95 (91,97) | 76 (69,82) | |
| Intellectual disability | Yes | 72 | 26 | 0.96 (0.93,0.99) | 96 (88,99) | 77 (56,91) |
| No | 153 | 137 | 0.92 (0.89,0.95) | 94 (89,97) | 76 (68,83) | |
| CBCL-Internalizing: Clinical | Yes | 117 | 68 | 0.93 (0.89,0.96) | 93 (87,97) | 78 (66,87) |
| No | 108 | 95 | 0.95 (0.92,0.98) | 96 (91,99) | 75 (65,83) | |
| CBCL-Externalizing: Clinical | Yes | 88 | 54 | 0.93 (0.89,0.97) | 91 (83,96) | 76 (62,87) |
| No | 137 | 109 | 0.94 (0.91,0.97) | 97 (93,99) | 76 (67,84) | |
| EBP-ADOS: Marked | Yes | 55 | 43 | 0.94 (0.89,0.99) | 100 (94,100) | 56 (40,71) |
| No | 170 | 120 | 0.95 (0.92,0.97) | 93 (88,96) | 83 (75,90) | |
Note: AUC=area under the curve, SRS=Social Responsiveness Scale, ADI-R=Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, ADOS=Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, CBCL=Child Behavior Checklist. See Table S3 for sensitivity/specificity of alternative cut-offs.