TABLE 4.

PIPS factor reliability scores, model fit statistics, and items by factor for the 2F scoring solution

	Factor 1: Student-centered practice	Factor 2: Instructor-centered practice
Reliability (α)	0.877	0.677
Number of items	15	9
Eigenvalue	5.774	3.285
Percent variance explained	24.059	13.686
Items	P02, P04, P06, P07, P08, P09, P10, P12, P13, P14, P15, P16, P18, P19, P20	P01, P03, P05, P11, P17, P21, P22, P23, P24
Maximum possible sum	60	36
Sample items	I structure class so that students regularly talk with one another about course concepts.	My class sessions are structured to give students a good set of notes.
	I structure class so that students discuss the difficulties they have with this subject with other students.	I guide students through major topics as they listen and take notes.