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. 2016 Winter;15(4):ar53. doi: 10.1187/cbe.15-09-0193

TABLE 7.

Pearson correlations among PIPS factor scores (2F model) and participant estimations of how time is spent in class: doing lecture, small group work, individualized instruction, and other instruction

Instructor-centered practice Student-centered practice Estimated % lecture Estimated % small group Estimated % individual instruction Estimated % other instruction
Instructor-centered practice 1 0.026 0.318** −0.360** −0.051 −0.064
Student-centered practice 1 −0.409** 0.258** 0.206** 0.275**

**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed).