Table 2.
The hazard ratio (95% CI) of coronary heart disease across tertiles of dietary fiber and its categories.
| Dietary Fiber Intakes | T1 | T2 | T3 | p for Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fiber | ||||
| Crude | Ref. | 0.83 (0.45–1.54) | 0.69 (0.36–1.33) | 0.56 |
| Model 1 | Ref. | 0.87 (0.46–1.62) | 0.75 (0.38–1.46) | 0.69 |
| Model 2 | Ref. | 0.67 (0.35–1.26) | 0.39 (0.18–0.83) | 0.05 |
| Soluble fiber | ||||
| Crude | Ref. | 0.49 (0.26–0.91) | 0.39 (0.20–0.76) | 0.01 |
| Model 1 | Ref. | 0.54 (0.29–1.03) | 0.41 (0.20–0.82) | 0.04 |
| Model 2 a | Ref. | 0.39 (0.21–0.75) | 0.19 (0.09–0.41) | 0.001 |
| Insoluble fiber | ||||
| Crude | Ref. | 0.64 (0.34–1.18) | 0.53 (0.28–1.02) | 0.15 |
| Model 1 | Ref. | 0.72 (0.39–1.33) | 0.58 (0.29–1.14) | 0.25 |
| Model 2 b | Ref. | 0.54 (0.28–1.03) | 0.31 (0.14–0.69) | 0.014 |
Cox proportional hazard regression models were used. Model 1 was adjusted for cardiovascular disease risk score. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for dietary intake of total fats (% of energy), sodium (mg/1000 kcal), and vitamin C (mg/1000 kcal); a additionally adjusted for insoluble fiber; and b additionally adjusted for soluble fiber.