Table 3.
Health and service use characteristics.
| No use (n=438) | Moderate use (1 or 2 days, n=225) | High use (>2 days, n=92) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | % | N | % | N | % | Test statistic | DF |
| Social supportd (M ± SD) | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | F = 2.0 | 2,752 | |||
| Community integratione (M ± SD) | 6.8 ± 2.9 | 6.9 ± 2.8 | 7.0 ± 2.8 | F = .1 | 2, 752 | |||
| Health insurancep | ||||||||
| Medicaid/Medicare/Local | 232 | 54 | 141 | 64 | 65 | 71 | χ2 = 12.7**ab | 2 |
| VA | 106 | 24 | 46 | 20 | 17 | 19 | χ2 = 2.2 | 2 |
| Private | 7 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | χ2 = .2 | 2 |
| Uninsured | 109 | 25 | 42 | 19 | 12 | 13 | χ2 = 7.9 *b | 2 |
| Inpatient daysf j (M ± SD) | 2.7 ± 12.5 | 7.4 ± 15.3 | 10.9 ± 18.9 | χ2 = 16.8 ***ab | 2, 752 | |||
| Outpatient daysf j (M ± SD) | 11.4 ± 23.5 | 12.2 ± 21.6 | 19.6 ± 30.3 | χ2 = 4.5 *bc | 2, 752 | |||
| Case manager | 381 | 87 | 208 | 92 | 80 | 88 | χ2 = 4.7 | 2 |
| Social servicesg j (M ±SD) | 1.6 ± .8 | 1.8 ±1.0 | 1.8 ± .9 | F = 5.8 **ab | 2,752 | |||
| Number of outpatient providersh j (M ± SD) | 3.8 ± 4.2 | 4.9 ±5.1 | 6.3 ±6.4 | F = 11.9***abc | 2,741 | |||
| Services coordinationi (M ± SD) | 1.2 ± .6 | 1.1 ± .6 | 1.0 ± .6 | F = 3.7* | 2,556 | |||
*
p<.05,
**
p<.01,
***
p<.001
a
Difference between no use and high use significant (P<.05)
b
Difference between no use and moderate use significant (P<.05)
c
Difference between moderate and high use significant (P<.05)
d
Possible scores ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater support.
e
Possible scores ranging from 0 to 16, with higher scores indicating greater community integration.
f
Sum of medical, mental health, and substance use treatment days.
g
Possible scores ranging from 0 to 7, with higher scores indicating more social services
h
Sum of different outpatient providers.
i
Possible scores ranging from 0 to 2, with higher scores indicating greater service coordination.