Table 5.
Investigations on PLA/PLGA particles as drug delivery systems.
| Material | Drug | Method | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLA | Irinotecan hydrochloride |
Single emulsion | Smooth surface and less initial burst release |
[113] |
| PLA | Nimesulide | Single emulsion | Initial burst followed by sustained release |
[114] |
| PLA-PEG | Tetanus toxoid | Single emulsion | Enhanced transport across the rat nasal mucosa |
[115] |
| PLA | Vanillin | Single emulsion | Slow and sustained release, stable particles over 3 months Inferior free radical scavenging activity than free vanillin |
[116] |
| PLA | BSA | Double emulsion | Encapsulation efficiency up to 71.6% | [23] |
| PLA-PEG | Hemoglobin | Double emulsion | Less macrophage uptake | [117] |
| PLA | Protein-C | Double emulsion | Release of protein C seems to increase with the hydrophilic character of PLA |
[118] |
| PLA- TPGS |
BSA | Double emulsion | longer blood circulation time than free drug |
[119] |
| PLA | Neurotoxin-1 | Double emulsion | Brain delivery of NT-1 enhanced | [120] |
| PLA | Triclosan | Double emulsion | High encapsulation efficiency | [121] |
| PLA | Oridonin | Modified spontaneous emulsion solvent diffusion |
Slow drug release up to 72hrs. | [22] |
| PLA-PEG | Lactoferrin | Modified double emulsion/solvent evaporation |
Increased uptake by bEnd.3 cells | [122] |
| PLA-PEG | Zidovudine | Solvent evaporation | Less phagocytosis | [21] |
| PLA- TPGS |
Paclitaxel | Modified solvent extraction/evaporation |
Initial burst followed by sustained release |
[24] |
| PLA- mPEG |
Salting out | Less interaction with leukocytes | [123] | |
| PLA- PEG-PLA |
Savoxepine | Salting out | Controlled drug release up to 1 week | [124] |
| PLA | BSA | Salting out/coacervation | High encapsulation efficiency and acceptable burst release |
[125] |
| PLA | Cloricromene | Nanoprecipitation | Faster dissolution than free drug | [26] |
| PLA | Tamoxifen | Nanoprecipitation | Significant therapeutic efficacy with reduced side effects |
[126] |
| PLA- Pluronic |
Stevioside | Nanoprecipitation | High potential safe and effective | [127] |
| Chitosan- PLA |
Anthraquinone | Nanoprecipitation | Continuous and sustained release, pH dependent release profiles |
[128] |
| PLA- pluronic |
Insulin | Dialysis/ nanoprecipitation |
Good control over blood glucose concentration |
[129] |
| PEG | Gene delivery | Dialysis | Improved transfection activity | [25] |
| PLA | HIV p24 protein | Dialysis | Induced mucosal antibody production | [130] |
| PLA | Progesterone Theophylline Vitamin D3 |
Spray drying | Alternative method | [56, 59] |
| PLA | Piroxicam | Spray drying | Small initial burst release | [60] |
| PLA | Ketotifen | Spray drying | Released in plasma between 336 and 384 hr, and the mean residence time increased between 30 and 70 times compared to solution treatment |
[131] |
| PLA/ PLGA |
Implant | In situ forming micro- particles |
Lower myotoxicity | [27, 132] |
| PLA | Ivermectin | In situ forming gel | Slow in vitro release and 80% cumulative release in 80 days 110-120 days maintained effective gel in vivo pharmacokinetic results |
[133] |
| PLA/ PLGA |
Diltiazem hydrochloride, Buserelin acetate |
In situ forming micro- particles |
Significantly reduced burst effect | [134] |
| PLA | Bupivacaine hydrochloride |
In situ forming micro- particles |
Significantly slower release compared to conventional particle formulation |
[135] |
| HA-PLA | Methylprednisolone | In situ forming micro gel | Entrap a hydrophobic drug and prolong release profile |
[136] |
| PLA | Steroid norethisterone |
Melting | Zero order release | [137, 138] |
| PLA | Naltrexone | Melting | Long effective blocking action to morphine |
[139] |
| PLA | Prednisolone | Melting | Sustained release over 30 days | [140] |
| PLA/F68 | Dexamethasone | Hot melt extrusion | No negative influence in the body | [141] |
| PLA | Hyoscine Butylbromide Indomethacin Piroxicam Thymopentin |
Supercritical fluids technique |
High encapsulation efficiency | [142] |
| PLA | Enzyme Insulin Calcitonin |
Supercritical fluids technique |
Low loss of enzyme activity, retention of protein activity |
[143] |
| PLA | Rifampin Gentamycin Naltrexone |
Supercritical fluids technique |
Lower initial burst | [144] |
| PLA | Paclitaxel | Microfluidic technique | Monodisperse paclitaxel particles | [145] |
| PLA/ PLGA |
Risperidone Paclitaxel |
Template method | Low initial burst and controlled drug release for 1 month |
[80] |