Table 4. Lifetime substance use on the youth risk behavior survey—middle school version (YRBS-MS) for participants in the yoga and control groups.

Question	Yoga				Control				Chi square statistic (p)
	Pre	Post	Follow-Up #1	Follow-Up #2	Pre	Post	Follow-Up #1	Follow-Up #2	Pre	Post	Follow-Up #1	Follow-Up #2
Have you ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs?	1 (0.9 %)	3 (2.6 %)	2 (1.8 %)	2 (1.8 %)	0 (0 %)	1 (1.1 %)	1 (1.1 %)	3 (3.3 %)	0.79 (0.38)	0.62 (0.43)	0.16 (0.69)	0.45 (0.50)
Have you ever had a drink of alcohol, other than a few sips?	8 (7.0 %)	10 (8.8 %)	12 (10.8 %)	16 (14.8 %)	4 (4.3 %)	4 (4.3 %)	5 (5.5 %)	14 (15.4 %)	0.67 (0.41)	1.51 (0.22)	1.83 (0.18)	0.01 (0.91)
Have you ever used marijuana?	1 (0.9 %)	2 (1.8 %)	3 (2.7 %)	2 (1.9 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	1 (1.1 %)	2 (2.2 %)	0.80 (0.37)	1.61 (0.20)	0.63 (0.43)	0.03 (0.85)
Have you ever used any form of cocaine, including powder, crack, or freebase?	0 (0 %)	1 (0.9 %)	2 (1.8 %)	2 (1.9 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	n/a	0.81 (0.37)	1.60 (0.21)	1.70 (0.19)
Have you ever sniffed glue, breathed the contents of spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high?	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	2 (1.8 %)	2 (1.9 %)	1 (1.1 %)	1 (1.1 %)	3 (3.4 %)	2 (2.2 %)	1.25 (0.26)	1.25 (0.26)	0.50 (0.48)	0.30 (0.86)
Have you ever taken steroid pills or shots without a doctors prescription?	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	2 (1.8 %)	2 (1.9 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	n/a	n/a	1.62 (0.20)	1.70 (0.19)
Have you ever taken a prescription drug (such as OxyContin, Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Xanax) without a doctors prescription?	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	1 (0.9 %)	1 (1.0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	0 (0 %)	n/a	n/a	0.78 (0.38)	0.86 (0.35)

Values indicate the raw number and percent (in parentheses) of participants who responded “Yes” to each question

Chi square statistic compares the distribution of participants in the yoga versus control groups who responded “yes” to each question at each time point