Nanoparticles can target to the specific cells or processes in the atherosclerotic lesions. The molecular or functional targets include macrophage scavenger receptors, macrophage phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species, proteases, annexin V for apoptosis, αvβ3 for neoangiogenesis, adhesion molecules and others. (Figure adapted and reprinted with the permission from reference, page 35S).
(Libby P, DiCarli M, Weissleder R. The vascular biology of atherosclerosis and imaging targets. J Nucl Med. 2010 May 1;51 Suppl 1:33S-37S.)