Fig. 8.

Directed interactions between DG and CA3 rhythmic activity for the 4 rats in this study. Directional influences were estimated with Granger causality. Granger causality estimates (GC) for original and surrogate data sets (see materials and methods) are depicted in purple and gray, respectively. Solid lines (original data) and dashed lines (surrogate data) indicate mean Granger causality, and shaded areas indicate 95% confidence intervals. Horizontal bars indicate frequency ranges exhibiting significant Granger causality. A: directional influences of DG rhythmic activity on CA3 rhythmic activity. B: directional influences of CA3 rhythmic activity on DG rhythmic activity.