Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics of Heart Failure Patients and Heart Donors

Baseline Characteristics	n	Heart Failure Patients	n	Donors
Age, ya	110	55.3 ± 12.2	107	48.0 ± 12.5
Gender (male/female)	110	89/21 (81% male)	107	55/52 (51% male)
Ethnicity	110	82% European	106	96% European
		15% African American
		3% Hispanic		4% African American
		38/2 (81%/4%)
Cigarette smoking (past/present)	47	27.0 ± 5.1
Body mass index, kg/m2a	64	63.9 ± 8.7
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hga	78	97.2 ± 12.4
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hga	78	3.7 (3.0–4.5)
Total cholesterol, mmol/Lb	87	1.9 (1.5–2.5)
LDL, mmol/Lb	87	1.1 ± 0.4
HDL, mmol/La	87	1.2 (0.9–1.6)
Triglycerides, mmol/Lb	87	5.7 (4.9–6.8)
Glucose, mmol/Lb	94	174 (95–351)
Brain natriuretic peptide, pmol/Lb	82	15.7 ± 5.5
LVEF, %a	94	106 (88–132)	61	52% ± 15.3%
Creatinine, μmol/Lb	91	6.1 (2.6–10.1)
Duration of heart failure, yb	70	16 (17.4%)
Family history of heart disease	92	47 (47.0%)
Previously diagnosed hypertension	100	24 (24.0%)
Type 2 diabetes	100	48 (48.0%)
Myocardial infarction	100	58 (52.7%)
ACE inhibitor treatment	110	61 (55.5%)
β-Blocker treatment	110	69 (69.0%)
Loop diuretic treatment	100	52 (52.0%)
Spironolactone treatment	100

Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; ; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LVEF, LV ejection fraction.

^aMean and SD.

^bMedian and interquartile range.