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. 2016 Nov 4;48(11):e267. doi: 10.1038/emm.2016.95

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Copyright © 2016 KSBMB.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

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Comparison of expression levels of inflammatory mediators in colon between dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated wild-type (WT) and transglutaminase 2-deficient (TG2^−/−) mice. WT and TG2^−/− mice were treated with 3.5% DSS water for 3 or 5 days. Total RNA was prepared from distal colon and reverse transcribed. Using real-time PCR, relative mRNA levels of (a) interleukin (IL)-6, (b) IL-17A, (c) IL-17F, (d) retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt), (e) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), (f) keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), (g) IL-10, (h) IL-12, (i) interferon-γ (IFNγ) and (j) IL-1β were determined and graphed as the mean±s.e.m. values for each group. Data are representative of at least two experiments. Overall P-values analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) are shown; individual Bonferroni post-test results are shown above the columns (n=3 for each group). *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; NS, not significant.