Table 5.
Risk factors for disease persistence and progression in participants with definite or borderline RHD at baseline
| Persisted or progressed, N=29 (78.4%) |
Improved, N=8 (21.6%) |
Risk difference, % (95% CI) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 9 (75) | 3 (25) | 5.0 (−24.1 to 34.1) | 0.52 |
| Female | 20 (80) | 5 (20) | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| iTaukei | 26 (78.8) | 7 (21.2) | −3.8 (−48.5 to 40.9) | 0.64 |
| Fijian of Indian descent | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 15 (79.0) | 4 (21.0) | −1.1 (−27.7 to 25.3) | 0.62 |
| Rural | 14 (77.8) | 4 (22.2) | ||
| Age at screening (years) | ||||
| <10 | 13 (76.5) | 4 (23.5) | 3.5 (−23.2 to 30.2) | 0.55 |
| ≥10 | 16 (80.0) | 4 (20.0) | ||
| Length of follow-up (years) | ||||
| ≥5 | 12 (63.3) | 7 (36.8) | 31.3 (7.2 to 55.4) | 0.03 |
| <5 | 17 (94.4) | 1 (5.6) | ||
| Adherence to antibiotic prophylaxis (%) | ||||
| ≥50 | 24 (77.4) | 7 (22.6) | 5.9 (−27.3 to 39.2) | 0.61 |
| <50 | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) | ||
| Echocardiographic | ||||
| Baseline diagnosis | ||||
| Definite | 14 (70.0) | 6 (30.0) | 18.2 (−7.0 to 43.5) | 0.17 |
| Borderline | 15 (88.2) | 2 (11.8) | ||
| Severity at baseline | ||||
| Moderate/severe | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | −7.3 (−34.2 to 19.6) | 0.48 |
| Borderline/mild | 19 (76.0) | 6 (24.0) | ||
| MR >2 cm | ||||
| Yes | 23 (79.3) | 6 (20.7) | −4.3 (−37.7 to 29.1) | 0.57 |
| No | 6 (75.0) | 2 (25.0) | ||
| Initial MR length | ||||
| Mean, cm (SD) | 2.61 (1.4) | 2.45 (1.7) | n/a | 0.68 |
| AR >1 cm | ||||
| Yes | 10 (66.7) | 5 (33.3) | 19.6 (−8.1 to 47.5) | 0.15 |
| No | 19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | ||
| Morphological changes | ||||
| ≥1 | 19 (76.0) | 6 (24.0) | 7.3 (−19.6 to 34.3) | 0.48 |
| None | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | ||
AR, aortic regurgitation; MR, mitral regurgitation; RHD, rheumatic heart disease.