Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population overall and according to MDD status. Values are given as median (interquartile range), mean (standard deviation) or n (%).
| Characteristics | All | No MDD | Single MDD | Recurrent MDD | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=928 | n=794 | n=84 | n=50 | ||
| Age (yr) | 60.0 (46.3-73.2) | 60.9 (47.6-75.1) | 51.6 (43.3-64.1)* | 55.4 (38.3-64.0)* | <.001 |
| Height (cm) | 174.9 (7.2) | 174.7 (7.3) | 175.3 (6.9) | 177.2 (6.4)* | .050 |
| Weight (kg) | 84.3 (14.5) | 83.9 (14.4) | 86.6 (16.5) | 87.3 (12.6) | .087 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | |||||
| Forearm | 0.419 (0.064) | 0.418 (0.064) | 0.435 (0.064)* | 0.409 (0.056) | .031 |
| Lumbar spine | 1.293 (0.198) | 1.298 (0.201) | 1.281 (0.191) | 1.244 (0.166) | .16 |
| Total hip | 1.066 (0.148) | 1.062 (0.147) | 1.108 (0.154)* | 1.058 (0.148) | .027 |
| Total body | 1.241 (0.110) | 1.239 (0.110) | 1.266 (0.115)* | 1.230 (0.091) | .088 |
| Calcium intake (mg/day) | 934 (366) | 923 (354) | 958 (441) | 1080 (406)* | .015 |
| Alcohol intake (g/day) | 12.0 (2.1-28.7) | 11.8 (2.1-28.2) | 15.1 (2.7-36.1) | 17.7 (1.2-37.2) | .20 |
| Socio-economic status | .66 | ||||
| Quintile 1 (lowest) | 150 (16.2%) | 129 (16.2%) | 14 (16.7%) | 7 (14.0%) | |
| Quintile 2 | 186 (20.0%) | 160 (20.2%) | 16 (19.0%) | 10 (20.0%) | |
| Quintile 3 | 179 (19.3%) | 160 (20.2%) | 12 (14.3%) | 7 (14.0%) | |
| Quintile 4 | 203 (21.9%) | 168 (21.2%) | 19 (22.6%) | 16 (32.0%) | |
| Quintile 5 | 210 (22.6%) | 177 (22.3%) | 23 (27.4%) | 10 (20.0%) | |
| Smokers (current) | 104 (11.3%) | 86 (10.9%) | 14 (16.9%) | 4 (8.0%) | .20 |
| Physically active | 660 (71.4%) | 570 (72.2%) | 58 (69.0%) | 32 (64.0%) | .41 |
| Medication (current) | |||||
| Antidepressants | 65 (7.0%) | 38 (4.8%) | 13 (15.5%)* | 14 (28.0%)* | <.001 |
| SSRI | 47 (5.1%) | 27 (3.4%) | 11 (13.1%) | 9 (18.0%) | <.001 |
| TCA | 9 (1.0%) | 7 (0.9%) | 1 (1.2%) | 1 (2.0%) | .72 |
| SNRI | 9 (1.0%) | 4 (0.5%) | 1 (1.2%) | 4 (8.0%) | <.001 |
| Bisphosphonates | 15 (1.6%) | 12 (1.5%) | 1 (1.2%) | 2 (4.0%) | .38 |
| Corticosteroids | 10 (1.1%) | 9 (1.1%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | .75 |
| Hormone therapy | 3 (0.3%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | .093 |
| Calcium/Vitamin D | 125 (13.5%) | 100 (12.6%) | 13 (15.5%) | 12 (24.0%)* | .062 |
Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; MDD, major depressive disorder; SNRI, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant.
a
Between MDD status.
*
P-value<0.05 compared to men with no MDD (from Pearson chi-square / Anova).