Table 1.
Mean changes during the study.
| Parameters | Food Supplement Containing Alpha-Lipoic Acid | Placebo | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| – | Baseline | 3 Months | Baseline | 3 Months |
| Number | 54 | 53 | 51 | 49 |
| Sex (Male/Female) | 26/28 | 25/28 | 25/26 | 24/25 |
| Age (years) | 52.5 ± 7.9 | – | 53.1 ± 8.2 | – |
| Smoking status (M/F) | 12/10 | 11/10 | 13/12 | 13/12 |
| Height (m) | 1.68 ± 0.05 | – | 1.69 ± 0.06 | – |
| Weight (kg) | 80.1 ± 7.1 | 79.8 ± 6.9 | 80.4 ± 7.3 | 80.9 ± 7.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.4 ± 2.5 | 28.3 ± 2.4 | 28.1 ± 2.2 | 28.3 ± 2.4 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 119.5 ± 16.3 | 102.2 ± 9.6 *,° | 122.3 ± 17.1 | 120.4 ± 16.6 |
| PPG (mg/dL) | 164.2 ± 22.1 | 141.3 ± 18.4 *,° | 162.3 ± 21.2 | 159.1 ± 19.8 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.8 ± 0.4 | 7.2 ± 0.3 *,° | 7.9 ± 0.5 | 7.7 ± 0.3 |
| FPI (µU/mL) | 11.1 ± 3.6 | 10.6 ± 3.3 | 10.2 ± 2.6 | 10.4 ± 2.8 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.26 ± 1.86 | 2.67 ± 1.23 *,° | 3.08 ± 1.64 | 3.09 ± 1.71 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 192.5 ± 17.3 | 171.3 ± 14.6 *,° | 191.7 ± 16.8 | 193.4 ± 17.7 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 123.2 ± 11.5 | 105.7 ± 9.8 *,° | 122.5 ± 11.0 | 124.9 ± 11.8 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 45.7 ± 5.5 | 46.1 ± 5.7 | 45.9 ± 5.6 | 45.6 ± 5.4 |
| Tg (mg/dL) | 118.2 ± 25.8 | 97.4 ± 19.5 *,° | 116.5 ± 24.2 | 114.7 ± 22.2 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L) | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.3 *,° | 2.5 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.7 |
| SOD (U/mL) | 94.7 ± 19.3 | 111.4 ± 24.9 *,° | 96.2 ± 21.4 | 98.1 ± 22.3 |
| GSH-Px (EE/U) | 97.2 ± 39.8 | 119.6 ± 43.3 *,° | 93.7 ± 36.5 | 94.4 ± 35.1 |
| MDA (nmol/mL) | 42.8 ± 18.5 | 33.9 ± 14.8 *,° | 44.6 ± 22.7 | 41.5 ± 20.8 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation; * p < 0.05 vs. baseline; ° p < 0.05 vs. placebo. BMI: body mass index; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; PPG: post-prandial-glucose; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; FPI: fasting plasma insulin; HOMA-IR: HOMA-index; TC: total cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Tg: triglycerides; Hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive protein; SOD: superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px: glutathione peroxidase; MDA: malondialdehyde.