Table 1.
Results of chemical analysis.
PAHs | ||||
Compound (ng/mg DEP) | B0 | B30 | B100 | NEXBTL100 |
Fluoranthene | 41.9 | 110 | 117 | 39.4 |
Pyrene | 67.7 | 152 | 144 | 43.1 |
Benz[a]anthracene * | 6.6 | 9.8 | 26.1 | 5.0 |
Chrysene * | 5.1 | 6.0 | 12.5 | 1.0 |
Benzo[b]fluoranthene * | 1.2 | 1.4 | 7.0 | 0.3 |
Benzo[k]fluoranthene * | n.d. | n.d. | 2.6 | n.d. |
Benzo[a]pyrene * | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene | 2.2 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 2.0 |
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene * | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene * | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.8 | n.d. |
4H-Cyclopenta[d,e,f]phenathrene | 2.8 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 9.4 |
Benzo[c]phenanthrene | 1.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 1.3 |
Benzo[j]fluoranthene | 2.4 | 2.8 | 6.4 | 2.0 |
Benzo[e]pyrene | 0.7 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 0.3 |
Triphenylene | 9.0 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 1.1 |
Benzo[c]chrysene | n.d. | n.d. | 0.2 | n.d. |
Coronene | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
Methylated PAHs | ||||
Compound (ng/mg DEP) | B0 | B30 | B100 | NEXBTL100 |
1-Methylpyrene | 5.1 | 7.2 | 3.9 | 1.4 |
2-Methylpyrene | 8.5 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 2.9 |
4-Methylpyrene | 10.0 | 13.4 | 12 | 3.7 |
1-Methylchrysene | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.2 | n.d. |
7-Methylbenz[a]anthracene | 0.3 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.2 |
Oxygenated PAHs | ||||
Compound (ng/mg DEP) | B0 | B30 | B100 | NEXBTL100 |
1,8-Naphthalic Anhydride | 25.4 | 29.5 | 29.7 | 19.8 |
Phenanthrene-9,10-dione | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
9H-Fluoren-9-one | 4.3 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 4.7 |
Anthrone | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
Anthracene-9,10-dione | 2.7 | 4.5 | 4.0 | 2.6 |
7H-Benz[d,e]anthracene-7-one | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 0.28 |
9-Hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.07 |
Benz[a]anthracene-7,12-dione | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.01 |
3-Hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.02 |
Nitrated PAHs | ||||
Compound (pg/mg DEP) | B0 | B30 | B100 | NEXBTL100 |
1-Nitropyrene | 314 | 539 | 1504 | 126 |
2-Nitropyrene | 25.0 | 12.0 | 23.0 | n.d. |
4-Nitropyrene | 18.0 | 16.0 | 44.0 | 10.0 |
3-Nitrofluoranthene | 7.0 | 16.0 | 41.0 | 2.0 |
Dinitrated PAHs | ||||
Compound (pg/mg DEP) | B0 | B30 | B100 | NEXBTL100 |
1,3-Dinitropyrene | 1.6 | 2.4 | 17.7 | 0.4 |
1,6-Dinitropyrene | 1.2 | 5.6 | 65.0 | n.d. |
1,8-Dinitropyrene | 0.9 | 4.6 | 48.0 | n.d. |
* Human carcinogens (IARC). PAHs, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; DEP, diesel exhaust particles; n.d., not detectable.