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. 2016 Nov 8;17(11):1853. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111853

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Overview of signaling pathways contributing to diabetes-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Interdependent and bilateral interactions between multiple pathways contribute to enhance injury and stimulate the fibrotic response. VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; ANG II: angiotensin II; ET1: endothelin-1.