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. 2016 Nov 16;17(11):1919. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111919

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© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of a mixture of extracts of Kochia scoparia and Rosa multiflora (KR) on cytokine expression in the dermis of photo-aging murine skin. Dermal expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were determined by a cytokine assay using a Milliplex kit after topical application of KR, vehicle (veh), or tesaglitazar (Tes) for 8 weeks. In photoaging skin, dermal IL-1β (A) and TGF-β (B) did not change. KR significantly increased dermal TGF-β (B), but not dermal IL-1β (A).