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. 2016 Nov 22;17(11):1940. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111940

Figure 2.

Figure 2

H-TL1 reduced the effects of TNF-α in vitro: (A) H-TL1 improved survival in TNF-α-treated L929 cells; (B) H-TL1 inhibited the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of p38 (Thr180/Tyr182), ERK (Thr202/Tyr204), JNK (Thr183/Tyr185), and IκB (Ser32/36) within the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways; (C) H-TL1 failed to inhibit the phosphorylation of IκB induced by IL-1β; and (D) H-TL1 inhibited TNF-α-mediated expression of pro-inflammatory factors. HEK293 cells were stimulated with TNF-α (20 ng/mL) for 10 min with graded concentrations of H-TL1. Values represent means ± SEM (A: n = 5; D: n = 3), * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 vs. TNF-α group.