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. 2016 Nov 22;17(11):1951. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111951

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effect of exogenous hydrogen treatment on pro-embryogenic masses (PEMs) and somatic embryos (SEs) during somatic embryogenesis. (A) PEMs sub-cultured on control medium (left) and hydrogen-rich medium (right). Magnified PEMs on control medium (B) and hydrogen-rich medium (C). Double-stained PEMs sub-cultured on control medium (D) and hydrogen-rich medium (E). Active pro-embryogenic cells stained red (acetic acid-carmine); inactive pro-embryogenic cells were stained blue (Evans blue). (F) Frequency of active PEMs on the different media. SEs sub-cultured on control medium (G), with insert showing an abnormal SE, and hydrogen-rich medium (H), with insert showing a normal SE. (I) Incidence of normal SEs sub-cultured on the different media. Data are presented as mean ± standard error from three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant difference at * p < 0.05 by Student’s t test. Scale bars, 5 mm in (B,C,G,H); 500 µm for insets (G,H); and 200 µm in (D,E).