Table 1.
Characteristics of study population by haemoglobin phenotype
| Characteristics | HbAA (n = 596) | HbAS (n = 192) | HbSS (n = 19) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period, quarter, N (%) | ||||
| - January-March | 72 (12.1) | 31 (16.1) | 3 (15.8) | 0.19 |
| - April-June | 195 (32.7) | 57 (29.7) | 7 (36.8) | |
| - July-September | 135 (22.6) | 54 (28.1) | 6 (31.6) | |
| - October-December | 194 (32.5) | 50 (26.0) | 3 (15.8) | |
| Age, months, median (IQR) | 21.0 (10.5–36.0) | 20.0 (9.0–36.5) | 17.0 (10.0–33.0) | 0.50 |
| Age category, months, n (%) | ||||
| - 2–11 | 160 (26.8) | 62 (32.3) | 6 (31.6) | 0.68 |
| - 12–23 | 152 (25.5) | 45 (23.4) | 5 (26.3) | |
| - 24–59 | 284 (47.7) | 85 (44.3) | 8 (42.1) | |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| - Male | 306 (51.3) | 82 (42.7) | 13 (68.4) | 0.03 |
| - Female | 290 (48.7) | 110 (57.3) | 6 (31.6) | |
| Temperature, °C, median (IQR) | 38.8 (38.6–39.4) | 38.8 (38.6–39.4) | 38.5 (38.0–38.7) | 0.11 |
| Height, cm, median (IQR) | 78.0 (71.0–87.0) | 77.0 (69.5–86.0) | 74.0 (69.0–86.0) | 0.18 |
| Weight, kg, median (IQR) | 9.5 (8.1–11.6) | 9.3 (7.9–11.4) | 8.5 (7.2–10.0) | 0.61 |
| Mid-upper arm circumference, cm, median (IQR) | 140 (133–146) | 140 (132–148) | 128 (117–136) | 0.001 |
| Weight-for-height Z-score ≤2 SD | −1.5 (−2.2; −0.7) | −1.2 (−2.2; −0.5) | −2.2 (−3.4; −1.2) | 0.02 |
| Positive RDT malaria, n (%) | 227 (38.1) | 63 (32.8) | 5 (26.3) | 0.3 |
| Naso-pharyngeal carriers positive detection, n (%) | ||||
| - Parechovirus | 9 (1.6) | 1 (0.6) | 2 (11.1) | 0.02 |
| - RSV A and B | 56 (9.8) | 30 (17.0) | 0 (0) | 0.01 |
| - Human coronavirus 229E | 6 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.6) | 0.07 |
| - Viral coinfection | 144 (25.3) | 34 (19.2) | 8 (44.4) | 0.03 |
| S. pneumoniae positive from blood, n (%) | 11 (1.9) | 3 (1.6) | 1 (5.3) | 0.5 |
* HbAA, normal phenotype, HbAS sickle cell trait, HbSS sickle cell disease