Table 2.
Microbiological findings associated with heamoglobin status, univariate polytomous logistic regression
| Microorganism | Heterozygous form HbAS (n = 177) | Homozygous form HbSS (n = 19) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude odds ratio (95% CI)* | p | Crude odds ratio (95% CI)* | p | |
| > = 1 bacteria from blood | 0.8 (0.4–2.0) | 0.7 | 3.8 (1.04–14.2) | 0.04 |
| > = 1 bacteria from respiratory sample | 1.2 (0.6–2.2) | 0.62 | NE | – |
| > = 1 virus from respiratory sample | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.57 | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) | 0.15 |
| Coinfection from respiratory sample | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.65 | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.44 |
| Viral coinfection from respiratory sample | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.1 | 2.4 (0.9–6.1) | 0.08 |
| Blood | ||||
| S. pneumoniae | 0.8 (0.2–3.1) | 0.8 | 3.0 (0.4–24.1) | 0.31 |
| S. aureus, | 0.8 (0.2–3.1) | 0.8 | 3.0 (0.4–24.1) | 0.31 |
| H. influenzae | 0.4 (0.05–3.6) | 0.44 | 4.7 (0.5–40.0) | 0.16 |
| Respiratory sample | ||||
| S. pneumoniae | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 0.56 | NE | – |
| S. aureus | 1.6 (0.9–2.9) | 0.14 | 1.9 (0.4–8.4) | 0.42 |
| H. influenzae | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.85 | 0.4 (0.05–3.0) | 0.37 |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 0.6 (0.07–5.5) | 0.68 | NE | − |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae | 2.3 (0.7–7.4) | 0.15 | NE | − |
| Respiratory syncytial virus A and B | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 0.01 | NE | − |
| Human metapneumovirus A and B | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.11 | NE | − |
| Human rhinovirus | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | 0.9 | 1.8 (0.6–4.8) | 0.27 |
| Human parainfluenzavirus 1 | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | 0.73 | NE | − |
| Human parainfluenzavirus 2 | 1.2 (0.4–3.5) | 0.68 | NE | − |
| Human parainfluenzavirus 3 | 1.2 (0.5–2.9) | 0.7 | 1.7 (0.2–13.5) | 0.6 |
| Human parainfluenzavirus 4 | 0.5 (0.06–4.5) | 0.56 | NE | − |
| Human coronavirus 229E | NE | − | 5.5 (0.6–48.4) | 0.12 |
| Human coronavirus NL63 | 1.2 (0.4–3.2) | 0.79 | NE | − |
| Human coronavirus OC43 | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 0.21 | 1.1 (0.1–8.5) | 0.93 |
| Human coronavirus HKU1 | 1.2 (0.3–4.6) | 0.78 | NE | − |
| Influenza virus A | NE | − | NE | − |
| Influenza virus A (H1N1)/pdm09 | 0.2 (0.03–1.7) | 0.15 | 2.3 (0.3–18.8) | 0.43 |
| Influenza virus B | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 0.88 | NE | − |
| Human parechovirus | 0.4 (0.04–2.8) | 0.32 | 7.8 (1.6–38.9) | 0.01 |
| Human adenovirus | 1.0 (0.6 (1.7) | 0.94 | 1.8 (0.6–5.5) | 0.32 |
| Human bocavirus | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.24 | 1.4 (0.4–5.0) | 0.58 |
| Enterovirus | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.09 | 0.7 (0.09–5.4) | 0.73 |
*After polytomous univariate logistic regression, compared with normal form HbAA (n = 569)
NE, non estimable