Table 1.

Patient Characteristics among All New SNF Admissions and above and below the Median of the IV

	Entire 2013 New SNF Cohort, N = 1,280,927		IV < within Zip Code Median of IV, N = 608,606		IV ≥ within Zip Code Median of IV, N = 627,211
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Outcomes
Any 30‐day rehospitalization	18.5%	0.388	18.1%	0.385	18.9%	0.391
Characteristics of the admitted SNF
Historical risk‐adjusted rehospitalization rate	20.53	4.17	20.14	4.15	20.90	4.16
Capacity	119.78	71.51	119.10	71.48	120.44	71.53
Empty beds	10.59	7.44	10.51	7.39	10.66	7.49
Distance from hospital to SNF	9.95	33.77	9.43	32.55	10.45	34.91
Distance from zip code to SNF	32.83	171.33	33.25	172.99	32.42	169.71
Patient characteristics
Age	79.38	10.79	79.54	10.72	79.33	10.82
Female	0.64	0.48	0.64	0.48	0.64	0.48
Black	0.10	0.30	0.10	0.30	0.10	0.30
White	0.86	0.35	0.86	0.34	0.86	0.35
Medicare Medicaid dual eligible	0.29	0.45	0.28	0.45	0.30	0.46
Deyo comorbidity index	1.78	1.80	1.78	1.81	1.79	1.81
Hospital length of stay	7.17	6.57	7.08	6.43	7.24	6.66
Predicted risk‐adjusted rehospitalization rate based on choice set and conditional logit coefficient
Based on risk‐adjusted rehospitalization rate and capacity coefficients (control variable)	20.16	1.42	20.03	1.41	20.28	1.41
Based on distances and empty bed coefficients (IV)	20.78	2.40	20.27	2.38	21.27	2.31

IV, instrumental variable; SNF, skilled nursing facility.