Table 1.
Clinical characteristic of study infants
| No WMa (N = 22) | WMa without CP (N = 5) | WMa with CP (N = 5) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age (wk) | 26.14 ± 2.44 | 27.40 ± 2.79 | 25.00 ± 1.22 | 0.292 |
| Birth weight (g) | 819 ± 133 | 770 ± 153 | 738 ± 146 | 0.441 |
| Cesarean section, n (%) | 17 (77.2) | 5 (100) | 5 (100) | 0.335 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 15 (68.2) | 2 (40) | 2 (40) | 0.322 |
| Twin, n (%) | 7 (31.8) | 3 (60) | 0 (0) | 0.122 |
| Apgar score at 5 min | 4.27 ± 1.42 | 4.60 ± 0.55 | 5.00 ± 1.22 | 0.516 |
| Chorioamnionitis, n (%) | 13 (59.1) | 4 (80) | 3 (60) | 0.678 |
| Prenatal steroid use, n (%) | 19 (86.4) | 4 (80) | 4 (80) | 0.900 |
| Hospital Days | 95.25 ± 22.71 | 64.80 ± 38.36 | 70.75 ± 39.94 | 0.072 |
| Days on ventilation | 22.59 ± 15.56 | 11.60 ± 4.16 | 32.20 ± 20.12 | 0.121 |
| PDA, n (%) | 18 (81.8) | 4 (80) | 5 (100) | 0.606 |
| BPD ≥ moderate, n (%) | 7 (31.8) | 3 (60) | 2 (40) | 0.497 |
| Sepsis, n (%) | 10 (45.5) | 1 (20) | 3 (60) | 0.426 |
| NEC, n (%) | 4 (18.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | 0.575 |
| IP, n (%) | 3 (13.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.471 |
| ROP ≥ grade 2, n (%) | 13 (59.1) | 3 (60) | 1 (20) | 0.137 |
| IVH, n (%) | 8 (36.4) | 4 (80) | 5 (100) | 0.015 |
| IVH, grade III/IV, n (%) | 2 (9.1) | 3 (60) | 5 (100) | <0.001 |
| Cerebral palsy, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 5 (100) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (%)
Abbrevations: WM a white matter abnormalities, PDA patent ductus arteriosus, BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia, NEC necrotizing enterocolitis, IP intestinal perforation, ROP retinopathy of prematurity, IVH intraventricular hemorrhage, PVL periventricular leukomalacia, CP cerebral palsy