Table 2.
Comparison of SAQ items mean and SD with different similar studies.
| Turkey %MVs M (SD) | International benchmark %MVs M (SD) | Denmark %MVs M (SD) | Switzerland %MVs M (SD) | Palestine: our study %MVs M (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nurse views and suggestions are well received in this clinical area | 2.4 3.76 (1.10) | 1.6 3.98 (1.05) | 0.4 4.2 (0.9) | 0 4.40 (0.73) | 1.8 3.73 (0.98) |
| In this clinical area, it is difficult to speak up if I perceive a problem with patient care (R*) | 2.8 3.38 (1.40) | 2.0 2.40 (1.21) | 2.5 3.9 (1.2) | 0 4.33 (0.98) | 2.8 3.13 (1.10) |
| Disagreements, regarding patient care, in this clinical area are appropriately resolved (i.e. not who is right but what is best for the patient) | 2.5 3.30 (1.35) | 1.7 3.53 (1.10) | 2.4 3.7 (1.2) | 0.6 4.07 (0.85) | 3.2 3.74 (0.92) |
| I have the support I need from other personnel to care for patients | 2.4 3.58 (1.16) | 2.2 3.97 (0.99) | 2.3 4.3 (0.8) | 0.3 4.08 (0.82) | 1.8 3.63 (0.89) |
| It is easy for personnel in this clinical area to ask questions when there is something that they do not understand | 3.5 3.85 (1.09) | 1.4 4.17 (0.96) | 0.4 4.5 (0.8) | 0 4.50 (0.72) | 3.2 3.84 (0.86) |
| The physicians and nurses here work together as a well-coordinated team | 2.4 3.54 (1.19) | 1.6 3.78 (1.07) | 1.1 3.9 (1.0) | 0 3.65 (0.78) | 2.7 3.80 (0.92) |
| I would feel safe being treated here as a patient | 1.4 3.69 (1.23) | 1.2 4.05 (1.04) | 1.3 4.0 (1.0) | 0 3.92 (0.75) | 2.7 3.57 (1.10) |
| Medical errors are handled appropriately in this clinical area | 0.9 3.86 (1.16) | 2.2 3.45 (1.06) | 1.5 4.0 (1.0) | 0 4.09 (0.77) | 3.8 3.56 (1.00) |
| I know the proper channels to direct questions regarding patient safety in this clinical area | 3.3 3.18 (1.32) | 1.6 3.83 (1.01) | 0.4 4.0 (1.0) | 0.9 4.42 (0.72) | 3.2 3.74 (0.97) |
| I receive appropriate feedback about my performance | 2.4 2.48 (1.38) | 0.9 3.20 (1.23) | 0.9 3.4 (1.2) | 0 3.77 (0.99) | 2.4 3.64 (0.98) |
| In this clinical area, it is difficult to discuss errors (R*) | 2.1 3.10 (1.35) | 1.6 2.53 (1.13) | 1.6 4.0 (1.1) | 0 4.05 (0.93) | 2.4 2.89 (1.13) |
| I am encouraged by my colleagues to report any patient safety concerns I may have | 3.7 3.32 (1.23) | 1.4 4.08 (0.94) | 2.3 3.6 (1.1) | 0 3.88 (0.98) | 3.7 3.61 (0.96) |
| The culture, (shared values & beliefs within the organisation), in this clinical area makes it easy to learn from the errors of others | 6.2 3.23 (1.20) | 1.8 3.95 (1.01) | 1.6 3.6 (1.1) | 0.3 3.93 (0.97) | 3.2 3.56 (0.94) |
| I like my job | 2.1 4.36 (0.88) | 0.3 4.37 (0.88) | 0.3 4.5 (0.8) | 0 4.61 (0.64) | 2.1 4.09 (1.02) |
| Working in this hospital is like being part of a large family | 2.1 3.05 (1.43) | 0.5 3.10 (1.30) | 3.6 3.4 (1.1) | 0.6 3.62 (0.95) | 2.1 3.90 (1.00) |
| This hospital is a good place to work | 2.9 3.07 (1.34) | 0.9 3.73 (1.08) | 0.4 4.1 (0.9) | 0.3 4.28 (0.74) | 1.8 3.54 (1.18) |
| I am proud to work at this hospital | 2.7 3.12 (1.35) | 0.8 3.78 (1.07) | 0.5 4.1 (0.9) | 0.9 4.16 (0.84) | 3.8 3.76 (1.14) |
| Morale in this clinical area is high | 3.3 3.22 (1.31) | 1.4 2.96 (1.25) | 0.5 4.1 (0.9) | 0.3 4.05 (0.78) | 2.7 3.41 (1.24) |
| Fatigue impairs my performance during emergency situations (e.g. emergency resuscitation, haemorrhaging) | 2.0 3.82 (1.28) | 3.5 3.00 (1.28) | 7.2 3.3 (1.3) | 2.4 3.53 (1.24) | |
| When my workload becomes excessive, my performance is impaired | 2.1 4.05 (1.20) | 1.2 3.83 (1.13) | 0.4 4.1 (1.1) | 0 3.47 (1.13) | 2.9 3.80 (1.03) |
| I am less effective at work when fatigued | 1.8 3.96 (1.22) | 1.1 3.97 (1.03) | 1.0 4.0 (1.0) | 0.3 3.65 (1.10) | 2.4 3.36 (1.13) |
| I am more likely to make errors in tense or hostile situations | 1.8 3.51 (1.43) | 1.2 3.74 (1.16) | 1.3 3.6 (2.0) | 0.3 3.62 (1.14) | 3.5 3.48 (1.19) |
| Management supports my daily efforts: | 2.3 2.45 (1.34) | 0.8 2.75 (1.15) | 6.2 3.9 (1.0) | 2.9 3.34 (1.21) | |
| – Unit level | 0.3 3.90 (0.97) | ||||
| – Hospital level | 0.6 2.80 (1.14) | ||||
| Management does not knowingly compromise the safety of patients: | 2.5 3.90 (1.25) | 1.9 3.21 (1.22) | 8.1 4.0 (1.1) | 2.1 3.78 (0.97) | |
| – Unit level | 0.9 3.42 (1.66) | ||||
| – Hospital level | 1.3 3.30 (1.44) | ||||
| Management is doing a good job: | N/A | N/A | 6.5 4.0 (1.1) | N/A | 2.1 3.79 (0.93) |
| – Unit level | |||||
| – Hospital level | |||||
| Problem personnel are dealt with constructively by our: | 4.2 2.58 (1.33) | 1.7 2.82 (1.12) | 7.1 3.7 (1.1) | 1.5 3.49 (1.14) | |
| – Unit | 0.9 3.71 (0.99) | ||||
| – Hospital | 1.6 3.32 (0.94) | ||||
| I get adequate, timely info about events that might affect my work, from my: | 3.8 2.78 (1.36) | 1.6 3.16 (1.09) | 8.0 3.6 (1.1) | 2.7 3.49 (1.08) | |
| – Unit | 0.6 4.06 (0.84) | ||||
| – Hospital | 1.9 3.69 (0.98) | ||||
| The levels of staffing in this clinical area are sufficient to handle the number of patients | 1.6 2.24 (1.43) | 1.7 2.68 (1.34) | 1.8 3.0 (1.3) | 0.3 3.45 (1.07) | 1.5 2.62 (1.28) |
| This hospital does a good job of training new personnel | 1.2 3.22 (1.33) | 1.1 3.54 (1.18) | 1.1 3.9 (1.2) | 0.6 4.03 (0.96) | 2.1 3.10 (1.19) |
| All the necessary information for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions is routinely available to me | 2.1 3.58 (1.17) | 2.3 3.56 (1.08) | 3.0 4.2 (0.9) | 0.6 4.14 (0.71) | 2.4 3.29 (1.10) |
| Trainees in my discipline are adequately supervised | 4.9 3.37 (1.26) | 2.7 3.53 (1.17) | 2.6 3.7 (1.1) | 0.3 4.24 (0.83) | 1.8 3.30 (1.10) |
| Communication breakdowns that lead to delays in delivery of care are common (R*) | 1.8 2.37 (1.04) |
%MVs: percentage of missing values; M: mean score; SD: standard deviation; R*: reverse question; N/A: not available.