Table 4.
Effect of age and exercise training on brain markers of inflammation and oxidative stress
| Marker | Y‐ApoE‐UT | O‐ApoE‐UT | O‐ApoE‐ExT | O‐C57‐UT | O‐C57‐ExT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDA (μmol mg−1) | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 9.1 ± 1.4* | 5.2 ± 0.9*† | 1.6 ± 1.3‡ | 0.7 ± 0.3‡ |
| TNFα (pg mg−1) | 47.4 ± 3.7 | 137.9 ± 20.8* | 114.1 ± 8.9*† | 36.6 ± 4.0‡ | 31.2 ± 4.7*‡ |
| IL‐1β (pg mg−1) | 127.7 ± 18.7 | 226.8 ± 27.1* | 182.5 ± 21.5*† | 84.5 ± 19.7‡ | 88.3 ± 13.2‡ |
| AOPP (μmol mg−1) | 14.5 ± 1.1 | 16.1 ± 1.4 | 12.7 ± 1.2† | 3.1 ± 1.1†‡ | 4.8 ± 2.5†‡ |
| Catalase (μmol min−1 mg−1) | 174.1 ± 14.6 | 65.5 ± 6.3* | 90.2 ± 11.5*† | 33.7 ± 10.4*‡ | 46.3.2 ± 29.3*‡ |
| GPX (μmol min−1 mg−1) | 168.0 ± 11.4 | 74.3 ± 1.5* | 74.7 ± 12.0* | 77.0 ± 13.9* | 73.9 ± 10.1* |
| FRAP (μmol mg−1) | 62.2 ± 4.1 | 56.9 ± 5.2 | 50.7 ± 4.3 | 70.1 ± 15.3*‡ | 65.4 ± 29.4 |
| SOD (μmol min−1 mg−1) | 9.56 ± 0.8 | 6.96 ± 1.1* | 7.16 ± 0.9* | 7.39 ± 3.20 | 6.33 ± 2.55* |
Abbreviations: AOPP, protein oxidation; FRAP, ferric reducing antioxidant power; GPX, catalase and SOD, antioxidant enzymes activities; IL‐1β, interleukin‐1β; MDA, lipid peroxidation; and TNFα: tumour necrosis factor‐α. Groups are as in Table 2. *Significantly different (P < 0.05) from young. †Significantly different (P < 0.05) from corresponding untrained. ‡Significantly different (P < 0.05) from corresponding ApoE−/−.