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. 2016 Dec 2;12(12):e1006457. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006457

Fig 3. Maximum Likelihood phylogeny of the ankyrin gene family.

Fig 3

The tree is midpoint rooted for display, major phylogenetic groups are indicating in grey text and separated with dashed lines for largest groups and blue lines and text for subgroups (labels at right), and the scale bar indicates sequence distance. Protein names are given at branch tips and node values indicate frequency of node recovery in 100 bootstrap replications (not shown if 1). Dark green and light green stars indicate genes that encode giant ankyrins with a long exon upstream or downstream of the death domain (DD), respectively. We found long exons but no DD for Branchiostoma ankyrin (Cephalochordata, light green star/dark green outline). Red circles indicate ankyrin genes with no long exons that are incapable of encoding giant isoforms. Blue circles indicate short and giant isoforms for which only transcriptome data was available; we could not therefore determine whether these genes are also capable of encoding giant isoforms. The blue star indicates a transcriptome-only giant isoform for which we were not able to verify the presence of a long exon. Aligned sequences on which the phylogeny is based and full sequences for each protein are included in S2 Table. Species prefixes in protein names are as follows: Acal, Aplysia californica (sea hare); Amel, Apis mellifera (honey bee); Amil, Acropora millepora (stony coral); Bflo, Branchiostoma floridiae (florida lancelet); Bsch, Botryllus schlosseri (golden star tunicate); Cele, Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode); Cint, Ciona intestinalis (vase tunicate); Dmel, Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly); Drer, Danio rerio (zebrafish); Epal, Exaiptasia pallida (brown sea anemone); Gpau, Glossoscolex paulistis (giant earthworm); Hsap, Homo sapiens (human); Lgig, Lottia gigantea (owl limpet); Lpoly, Limulus Polyphemus (horseshoe crab); Lvar, Lytechnicus variegatus (green sea urchin); Mmus, Mus musculus (mouse); Nvec, Nematostella vectensis (starlet sea anemone); Oech, Ophiocoma echinata (brittle sea star); Ofav, Orbicella faveolata (star coral); Ojap, Oxycomanthus japonicus (feather star); Ppar, Parastichopus parvimensis (sea cucumber); Spur, Stronglyocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin); Tcas, tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle), and Xtro, Xenopus tropicalis (clawed frog).