Table 1. Demographic data and clinical features of the study population.
AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; IHD, ischemic heart disease; KF, kidney failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; AP, antero-posterior; SI, supero-inferior; ML, medio-lateral; LV EF, left ventricular ejection fraction; IL-6, interleukin-6.
| Controls n = 109 | AF patients n = 109 | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | Male sex, n (%) | 53 (48.6%) | 47 (43.1%) | 0.3414 |
| Age (years) | 74±10 | 75±10 | 0.4612 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28±5 | 27±4 | 0.1045 | |
| Current smoking | 36 (33.0%) | 41 (37.6%) | 0.4831 | |
| Clinical history | NYHA class, n (%) | 0.3717 | ||
| I | 66 (60.5%) | 61 (56.0%) | ||
| II | 43 (39.5%) | 48 (44.0%) | ||
| IHD, n (%) | 34 (31.2%) | 13 (11.9%) | 0.0005 | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 78 (71.6%) | 83 (76.1%) | 0.4465 | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 24 (22.0%) | 20 (18.3%) | 0.5060 | |
| COPD, n (%) | 0.8155 | |||
| Mild | 26 (23.9%) | 21 (19.3%) | ||
| Moderate | 65 (59.6%) | 68 (62.4%) | ||
| Severe | 13 (11.9%) | 16 (14.7%) | ||
| Very severe | 5 (4.6%) | 4 (3.6%) | ||
| Echo | AP left atrial diameter, mm | 43.8±6.7 | 45.1±7.2 | 0.1690 |
| SI left atrial diameter, mm | 52.8±6.4 | 53.3±4.1 | 0.4929 | |
| ML left atrial diameter, mm | 37.4±6.6 | 38.3±4.2 | 0.2310 | |
| LV EF, (%) | 55±7 | 54±6 | 0.2587 | |
| Laboratory | C-reactive protein, mg/dl | 1.17 ± 2.04 | 0.99 ± 1.82 | 0.4926 |
| Urinary albumin excretion, mg/L | 84 ± 204 | 75 ± 166 | 0.7212 | |
| IL-6, pg/ml | 15.47 ± 45.77 | 13.39 ± 25.41 | 0.6787 | |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.50±1.14 | 4.28±0.93 | 0.1199 | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.37±0.68 | 1.19±0.54 | 0.0315 | |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.41±0.44 | 1.46±0.35 | 0.3542 | |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.46±1.01 | 2.25±0.79 | 0.0887 | |
| Total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol | 3.34±0.99 | 3.13±1.16 | 0.1520 | |
| Triglycerides /HDL-cholesterol | 2.52 ± 1.67 | 2.02 ± 1.17 | 0.0111 | |
| Drug therapy | Statin use, n (%) | 76 (35%) | 44 (20%) | 0.0001 |