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. 2016 Oct 31;113(46):E7159–E7168. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1605112113

Fig. S8.

Fig. S8.

Energy depletion stiffens the cell interior and perturbs the spatial distribution of intracellular viscoelasticity. (A and B) Average values of the model-independent rigidity index and bead step amplitude (A) and of the spring constant and the viscosity obtained with the SLL model (B) in control cells or in ATP-depleted cells. *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001. (C and D) Maps showing the distribution of the storage modulus G′ and the loss modulus G″ obtained with the PL model (C), the distribution of the rigidity index and the bead step amplitude (D, Top), and the distribution of the spring constant and the viscosity obtained with the SLL model (D, Bottom) in control cells or in ATP-depleted cells. Data were obtained from n = 33 and 37 beads in control and ATP depletion conditions, respectively. (E) Immunofluorescence images of microtubules and actin in individual fixed cells (Left) or averaged (Right) in control cells or in ATP-depleted cells. Averaged images are from n = 10 cells for control cells and for ATP-depleted cells respectively. (Scale bar, 10 μm.)