An official website of the United States government
Here's how you know
Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Two concentric spheres of radii and , . The inner sphere contains an absorbing cap, shown in brown, on the otherwise reflecting surface. The outer sphere is a reflecting boundary for diffusing particles.