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Diagram of wetting states on rough materials and examples in nature. a) The Cassie-Baxter (CB) partially wetted state and c) the Wenzel complete wetting state. Examples of natural materials are b) lotus leaves, which are the canonical example of a natural superhydrophobic material, and d) the hydrophilic leaves of petunias in genus Ruellia. Photos are courtesy of Takashi Matsuzawa and Mark Swanson.
