TABLE 2.
Comparison of Pre- and Postcreatinine-Adjusted Urinary Metabolites (ng/g)
| Smokers | Low (n =13)
|
High (n=20)
|
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Pre
|
n | Post
|
P | n | Pre
|
n | Post
|
P | |||||
| %<LOD | GM (GSD) | %<LOD | GM (GSD) | % <LOD | GM (GSD) | %<LOD | GM (GSD) | |||||||
| 1-Naphthol | 52 | 0 | 3344 (3.1) | 51 | 0 | 4234 (3.1) | 0.05 | 79 | 0 | 3452 (2.6) | 74 | 0 | 6006 (2.3) | <0.0001 |
| 2-Naphthol | 52 | 0 | 6284 (2.4) | 51 | 0 | 5704 (2.3) | 0.24 | 79 | 0 | 4633 (2.0) | 74 | 0 | 6376 (2.0) | 0.0002 |
| 2-Hydroxyfluorene | 52 | 0 | 627 (2.2) | 51 | 0 | 696 (2.0) | 0.18 | 79 | 0 | 437 (2.0) | 74 | 0 | 682 (2.2) | <0.0001 |
| 3-Hydroxyfluorene | 52 | 0 | 312 (2.3) | 51 | 0 | 337 (2.2) | 0.36 | 79 | 0 | 215 (2.4) | 74 | 0 | 273 (2.4) | 0.005 |
| 9-Hydroxyfluorene | 52 | 0 | 334 (2.4) | 51 | 2 | 373 (2.4) | 0.41 | 79 | 0 | 294 (2.2) | 73 | 0 | 346 (2.0) | 0.05 |
| 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 52 | 0 | 132 (1.8) | 51 | 0 | 149 (1.6) | 0.10 | 79 | 0 | 118 (2.1) | 73 | 0 | 124 (2.1) | 0.77 |
| 2-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 52 | 2 | 64 (2.3) | 51 | 0 | 79 (1.8) | 0.04 | 79 | 0 | 55 (1.8) | 74 | 0 | 61 (1.7) | 0.11 |
| 3-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 52 | 0 | 120 (2.1) | 51 | 0 | 147 (1.7) | 0.04 | 78 | 0 | 99 (2.1) | 71 | 0 | 109 (2.0) | 0.19 |
| 4-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 51 | 22 | 27 (2.6) | 50 | 22 | 29 (2.1) | 0.47 | 79 | 4 | 22 (2.0) | 74 | 3 | 24 (1.9) | 0.27 |
| 1-Hydroxypyrene | 50 | 0 | 122 (1.8) | 51 | 2 | 121 (1.8) | 0.89 | 78 | 1 | 87 (2.0) | 59 | 2 | 71 (2.0) | 0.04 |
|
| ||||||||||||||
| Nonsmokers | Low (n =22) | High (n = 18) | ||||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||||
| 1-Naphthol | 87 | 0 | 813 (2.1) | 85 | 0 | 901 (2.1) | 0.25 | 72 | 0 | 1330 (2.6) | 69 | 0 | 2496 (2.8) | 0.0002 |
| 2-Naphthol | 87 | 0 | 2146 (2.1) | 85 | 0 | 2034 (1.9) | 0.44 | 72 | 0 | 2839 (2.3) | 69 | 0 | 3564 (2.7) | 0.007 |
| 2-Hydroxyfluorene | 87 | 0 | 163 (1.9) | 85 | 0 | 180 (1.8) | 0.02 | 72 | 0 | 247 (1.8) | 69 | 0 | 408 (2.2) | <0.0001 |
| 3-Hydroxyfluorene | 87 | 1 | 59 (1.8) | 85 | 7 | 62 (1.9) | 0.58 | 72 | 0 | 102 (2.1) | 69 | 0 | 134 (2.2) | 0.005 |
| 9-Hydroxyfluorene | 86 | 0 | 208 (1.9) | 85 | 0 | 228 (1.7) | 0.22 | 72 | 0 | 198 (2.0) | 69 | 0 | 305 (2.3) | 0.0004 |
| 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 87 | 1 | 107 (1.8) | 85 | 0 | 105 (1.8) | 0.64 | 72 | 0 | 99 (2.0) | 69 | 1 | 110 (2.2) | 0.21 |
| 2-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 87 | 7 | 42 (1.9) | 85 | 6 | 45 (1.9) | 0.23 | 71 | 0 | 43 (2.0) | 69 | 3 | 51 (2.1) | 0.14 |
| 3-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 87 | 0 | 57 (1.6) | 85 | 1 | 63 (1.6) | 0.12 | 72 | 0 | 65 (2.0) | 69 | 1 | 80 (1.9) | 0.03 |
| 4-Hydroxyphenanthrene | 86 | 23 | 20 (2.0) | 84 | 29 | 21 (2.0) | 0.61 | 72 | 19 | 17 (2.4) | 69 | 12 | 19 (2.5) | 0.28 |
| 1-Hydroxypyrene | 80 | 9 | 54 (2.0) | 85 | 19 | 54 (2.1) | 0.66 | 71 | 6 | 67 (2.1) | 62 | 6 | 61 (2.0) | 0.37 |
GM, geometric means; GSD; geometric standard deviations; LOD, limit of detection.