Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Children Sedated With Ketamine (n = 22,645)
| Characteristics | n (%) or Median (IQR) |
|---|---|
| Age (mo) | 60 (31–120) |
| Weight (kg) | 20.2 (13.7–38.0) |
| Male | 12,824 (56.7) |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status (n = 22,387) |
|
| < III | 16,112 (72.0) |
| ≥ III | 6,275 (28.0) |
| NPO clear liquida (n = 20,905) < 2 hr | 144 (0.7) |
| NPO solidsa (n = 20,401) < 6 hr | 1,151 (5.3) |
| Primary diagnosis | |
| Hematology/oncology | 5,619 (24.8) |
| Infection | 3,431 (15.2) |
| Neurologic | 2,984 (13.2) |
| Orthopedics | 2,809 (12.4) |
| Gastrointestinal | 1,696 (7.5) |
| Surgical/wound management | 952 (4.2) |
| Renal | 801 (3.5) |
| Burn | 564 (2.5) |
| Respiratory-lower airway | 412 (1.8) |
| Status post trauma | 379 (1.7) |
| Metabolic/genetic (includes obesity) | 375 (1.7) |
| Dermatologic | 346 (1.5) |
| Rheumatology | 326 (1.4) |
| Cardiovascular | 270 (1.2) |
| Craniofacial abnormalities | 219 (1.0) |
| Liver disease | 194 (0.9) |
| Dental | 125 (0.6) |
| Otherb | 1,652 (7.3) |
IQR = interquartile range, NPO = nil per os.
a
NPO for clear liquids < 2 hr or solids < 6 hr mainly occurred in the emergency department (45%).
b
Other includes the following diagnoses: status post transplant, congenital conditions, respiratory-upper airway, immune compromise, and prematurity related.