Table 1.

Evaluations recommended for the proper staging of pancreatic cancer

Complete history and physical examination

Laboratory test: blood count and serum chemistry including PCR, albumin and levels of the carbohydrate antigen CA19-9

CT of the chest and abdomen

Histologic or cytologic diagnosis

Bone scan in presence of bone pain, elevated serum calcium or elevated alkaline phosphatase levels

In patients with resectable tumors (optional), border-line or locally advanced pancreatic cancer (mandatory)

EUS+FNA

In patients with borderline resectable tumors

Diagnostic laparoscopy will be assessed in cases of suspicion of peritoneal involvement (no consensus)