Table 2.
Comprehensive matrix of study results.
| Paper | Setting | Study type |
Results reported |
Realism | Cognitive workload |
Historic trends |
Visual encoding for temporal trajectory | Visual encoding for duration | Visual encoding for frequency |
| Engelman et al, 2014 [6] |
ICU | Eval.a | Pos.b | Live | – | Cc | C | – | – |
| Charabati et al, 2009 [7] |
Lab | Exp.d | Pos. | Static | ↓ | – | C | – | – |
| Agutter et al, 2003 [5] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim.e | ↓ | – | – | – | – |
| Anders et al, 2012 [8] |
ICU | Exp. | ± | Static | 0f | C | C | – | – |
| Wachter et al, 2004 [9] |
ICU | Eval. | Pos. | Live | – | – | Gg | – | – |
| van Amsterdam et al, 2013 [10] |
Lab | Exp. | Neg.h | Static | – | – | Oi | – | – |
| Kennedy et al, 2011 [11] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | O | – | – |
| Liu et al, 2005 [12] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | – | – | – |
| Blikeet al, 1999 [13] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cole et al, 1994 [14] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Static | – | – | G | G | G |
| Deneault et al, 1990 [15] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | – | – | – |
| Jungk et al, 2000 [16] | Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | C | – | – |
| Gurushanthaiah et al, 1995 [17] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | C | – | – |
| Ireland et al, 1997 [18] |
Lab | Eval. | Pos. | Static | – | – | C, G | – | – |
| Tappan et al, 2009 [19] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | ↓ | – | C, G | – | – |
| Michels et al, 1997 [20] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | – | – | – |
| Effken et al, 1997 [21] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | – | – | – |
| Görges et al, 2012 [22] |
ICU | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | 0 | – | G | G | G |
| Stylianides et al, 2011 [23] |
ICU | Eval. | Pos. | Live | – | C | C | – | – |
| Litt et al, 1992 [24] |
Lab | App.j | – | Static | – | C | C | G | G |
| Gschwandtner et al, 2011 [25] |
Lab | Des.k | – | Static | – | C | C | C | – |
| Horn et al, 2001 [26] |
ICU | Eval. | Pos. | Static | ↓ | C | G | G | – |
| Dayhoff et al, 1994 [27] |
ICU | App. | – | Live | – | – | C | – | – |
| Norris et al, 2002 [28] |
ICU | App. | Pos. | Live | – | C | C | – | – |
| Langner, 1952 [29] | ICU | Eval. | – | Static | – | – | C | – | – |
| Burykin et al, 2011 [30] |
ICU | App. | – | Sim. | – | – | C | – | – |
| Miller et al, 2009 [31] |
ICU | Exp. | Pos. | Static | – | – | C | Tl | T |
| Kruger et al, 2011 [32] |
Surgery | App. | – | Live | – | – | G | T | T |
| Law et al, 2004 [33] |
Lab | Exp. | – | Static | – | – | C, T | T | T |
| Ahmed et al, 2011 [34] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | ↓ | – | T | T | T |
| Sainsbury, 1993 [35] | Surgery | Eval. | Pos. | Live | – | – | C | – | – |
| Zhang et al, 2002 [36] |
Lab | Exp. | ± | Sim. | ± | – | C, G | G | G |
| Kennedy et al, 2008 [37] |
Lab | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | C | – | – |
| Lowe et al, 2001 [38] |
Lab | App. | Pos. | Sim. | – | – | C | – | – |
| Charbonnier, 2004 [39] | Lab | Des. | – | Sim. | – | – | C | – | – |
| Shabot et al, 1986 [40] |
Lab | Des. | – | Sim. | – | C | C | – | – |
| Eden et al, 2006 [41] |
Surgery | App. | Pos. | Live | ↓ | C | C | – | – |
| Koch et al, 2013 [42] |
ICU | Exp. | Pos. | Sim. | ↓ | C | C | – | – |
| Kamaleswaran et al, 2016 [43] |
ICU | Eval. | Pos. | Live | – | C, G | C, G, O | G, O | G, O |
aEval: Evaluation
bPos: Positive
cC: Curves
dExp: Experiment
eSim: Simulated
f0: No Change
gG: Glyph
hNeg: Negative
iO: Object
jApp: Application
kDes: Design
lT: Text