Table 1.
Mean change in near visual acuity (NVA) (Jaeger) and pupil size (PS) (mm) over time for the same presbyopic subjects receiving combined versus separate 3% carbachol plus 0.2% brimonidine, 0.2% brimonidine alone and 3% carbachol alone
| Time | Combined drops | Separate drops | 3% Carbachol alone | 0.2% Brimonidine alone | P-Value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combined vs. separate | Combined vs. 3% carbachol | Combined vs. 2% brimonidine | ||||||
| Pre-treatment | NVA (J) | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| PS (mm) | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 1-h | NVA (J) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 1 | 5.5 ± 1 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
| PS (mm) | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.3 | 3.95 ± 0.5 | P = 0.0006 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | |
| 2-h | NVA (J) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 3.6 ± 1 | 5.9 ± 0.8 | 8.2 ± 1.3 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
| PS (mm) | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 3 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.4 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | |
| 4-h | NVA (J) | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 4.5 ± 1 | 7 ± 1.2 | 8.5 ± 1.4 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
| PS (mm) | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 3.5 ± 0.3 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | |
| 8-h | NVA (J) | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 5.2 ± 0.8 | 7.5 ± 1 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 |
| PS (mm) | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.2 | 4 ± 0.3 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | P = 0.0006 | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | |
NVA = near visual acuity; PS = pupil size
*Level of statistical significance: P < 0.05