Fig. 1.

Main structure of the BSX model. Model inputs are represented as circles, the main dynamic compartments as rectangles and outputs as ellipses. Two distinct NIRS outputs are simulated: haemoglobin-based measurements (labelled Hb), estimated from the blood flow compartments, and measurements of the cytochrome c oxidase redox state (labelled CCO), estimated from the metabolic model. Elements shown in orange are new to BSX, while those in blue are modified from the previously published model B1M2 in Caldwell et al. (2015). The remaining elements are adopted unchanged. (A more detailed diagram showing the relationships between all variables and parameters in the model can be found in Supplementary Fig. 1.).