Fig. 3.

Simulated haemodynamic responses to step changes in a single input variable (by column, left to right): mean arterial pressure (P_a); arterial partial pressure of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ (${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{a}}{\mathit{CO}}_2$); arterial oxygen saturation (${\mathit{S}}_{\mathit{a}}{\mathit{O}}_2$); metabolic demand (u); normalised scalp blood flux (Flux_y). In each case, the step is between the baseline and upper bound values given in Table 1. Modelled responses are shown separately for the cerebral compartment (top row), the pressure-based extracerebral model (middle row) and the flux-based extracerebral model (bottom row).