Table 1.
Evaluation of obesity-associated factors in HFD C57BL/6J mice
| Parameters | C57BL/6J HFD | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HFD-HFD Ctrl | HFD-HFD DTIC | HFD-HFD Orli | HFD-HFD Orli DTIC | HFD-ND Ctrl | HFD-ND DTIC | HFD-ND Orli | HFD-ND Orli DTIC | |
| Body weight (g) | 32.03 ± 1.94 | 32.28 ± 1.70 (p = 0.999) | 26.16 ± 0.71 (p < 0.0001) | 26.48 ± 0.85 (p < 0.0001) | 27.13 ± 0.75 (p < 0.0001) | 26.73 ± 1. 3 (p < 0.0001) | 23.1 ± 1.02 (p < 0.0001) | 22.9 ± 0.92 (p < 0.0001) |
| Blood glucose (mg/dl) | 196.17 ± 6.31 | 194.50 ± 6.98 (p = 0.9997) | 146.3 ± 5.99 (p < 0.0001) | 152.33 ± 5.47 (p < 0.0001) | 174.5 ± 4.72 (p < 0.0001) | 177.5 ± 5.05 (p = 0.0001) | 128.83 ± 6.24 (p < 0.0001) | 129.67 ± 7.4 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum TG (mg/dl) | 84.02 ± 2.89 | 84.17 ± 1.15 (p = 0.9999) | 66.03 ± 3.39 (p < 0.0001) | 67.17 ± 2.76 (p < 0.0001) | 68.48 ± 2.25 (p < 0.0001) | 69.15 ± 2.41 (p < 0.0001) | 60.53 ± 3.15 (p < 0.0001) | 61.35 ± 1.28 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum cholesterol (mg/dl) | 120.82 ± 4.20 | 120.54 ± 4.49 (p = 0.9995) | 95.75 ± 4.91 (p < 0.0001) | 97.21 ± 4.22 (p < 0.0001) | 99.50 ± 2.86 (p < 0.0001) | 100.27 ± 3. 5 (p < 0.0001) | 88.64 ± 5.17 (p < 0.0001) | 89.75 ± 4.3 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum LDLc (mg/dl) | 84.86 ± 2.92 | 85.01 ± 1.17 (p = 0.9999) | 66.69 ± 3.42 (p < 0.0001) | 67.84 ± 2.79 (p < 0.0001) | 69.17 ± 2.27 (p < 0.0001) | 69. 84 ± 2.4 (p < 0.0001) | 63.31 ± 3.13 (p < 0.0001) | 62.96 ± 1.24 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum free fatty acids (mM/l) | 2.22 ± 0.08 | 2.20 ± 0.04 (p = 0.9993) | 1.74 ± 0.09 (p < 0.0001) | 1.73 ± 0.04 (p < 0.0001) | 1.81 ± 0.06 (p < 0.0001) | 1.81 ± 0.05 (p < 0.0001) | 1.66 ± 0.08 (p < 0.0001) | 1.64 ± 0.04 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum leptin (ng/ml) | 43.20 ± 2.40 | 43.11 ± 1.65 (p = 0.9999) | 33.74 ± 2.47 (p < 0.0001) | 33.83 ± 2.80 (p < 0.0001) | 35.19 ± 2.49 (p < 0.0001) | 34.54 ± 2.3 (p < 0.0001) | 26.54 ± 1.60 (p < 0.0001) | 25.58 ± 1.38 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum adiponectin (ng/ml) | 3486 ± 273 | 3421 ± 198 (p = 0.9999) | 8204 ± 593 (p < 0.0001) | 8287 ± 304 (p < 0.0001) | 5292 ± 362 (p < 0.0001) | 5133 ± 228 (p < 0.0001) | 9108 ± 550 (p < 0.0001) | 9189 ± 322 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum insulin (μg/l) | 0.3983 ± 0.02 | 0.385 ± 0.016 (p = 0.8701) | 0.269 ± 0.01 (p < 0.0001) | 0.275 ± 0.021 (p < 0.0001) | 0.3066 ± 0.02 (p < 0.0001) | 0.301 ± 0.02 (p < 0.0001) | 0.2570 ± 0.01 (p < 0.0001) | 0.2631 ± 0.01 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum resistin (ng/ml) | 2.25 ± 0.10 | 2.23 ± 0.11 (p = 0.9999) | 1.66 ± 0.08 (p < 0.0001) | 1.60 ± 0.07 (p < 0.0001) | 1.78 ± 0.08 (p < 0.0001) | 1.82 ± 0.10 (p < 0.0001) | 1.19 ± 0.06 (p < 0.0001) | 1.23 ± 0.06 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum IL-6 (pg/ml) | 45.41 ± 2.45 | 44.99 ± 1.58 (p = 0.9999) | 35.45 ± 2.88 (p < 0.0001) | 35.21 ± 2.31 (p < 0.0001) | 36.40 ± 2.79 (p < 0.001) | 35.59 ± 2.38 (p < 0.0001) | 29.25 ± 2.12 (p < 0.0001) | 27.12 ± 1.83 (p < 0.0001) |
| Serum TNF-α (pg/ml) | 29.44 ± 1.74 | 28.67 ± 0.99 (p = 0.9708) | 13.78 ± 1.07 (p < 0.0001) | 14.35 ± 0.62 (p < 0.0001) | 15.99 ± 1.73 (p < 0.0001) | 16.17 ± 1.91 (p < 0.0001) | 11.48 ± 1.12 (p < 0.0001) | 10.80 ± 0.79 (p < 0.0001) |
Evaluation of obesity-associated factors in HFD C57BL/6J mice. Obesity-associated parameters in the experimental HFD mice recorded at the end of the experiment. HFD male C57BL/6J mice were divided into two major groups. One group was continuously fed with HFD, whereas the other group was shifted from HFD to normal diet. Mice from both the groups were orally treated with orlistat (10 mg/kg) or vehicle control on every alternate day for 8 weeks. All the groups of mice (N = 11 per each group) were injected with B16F10 cells (2 × 105 cells/mouse in 100 μl PBS). After tumor formation, vehicle or DTIC treatment was given as per the experimental layout shown in Fig. 1. Their body weight was monitored weekly throughout the study, and serum was collected at the end of the experiment. Blood glucose, serum TG, serum cholesterol, serum-free fatty acids, and serum LDLc were measured. Serum factors including leptin, adiponectin, insulin, resistin, IL-6, and TNF-α were estimated by ELISA. The results are given as means ± standard deviation